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Taking a New Look at Carbon Nanotubes

By Guest PostDecember 7, 2013Scienceactin filaments, advancing nanotube technology, anisotropic, berkeley lab, carbon nanotubes, crystal, Environment, feng wang, functional device, fused silica substrate, graphene nanoribbons, human hair, kaihui liu, molecule, na, nanobiomaterials, nanorods, numerical aperture, optical anisotropy, plethora, polarization, semiconductor nanowires, species, substrates, xiaoping hong

Berkeley Researchers Develop Technique For Imaging Individual Carbon Nanotubes

Despite their almost incomprehensibly small size – a diameter about one ten-thousandth the thickness of a human hair – single-walled carbon nanotubes come in a plethora of different “species,” each with its own structure and unique combination of electronic and optical properties. Characterizing the structure and properties of an individual carbon nanotube has involved a lot of guesswork – until now.

Researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC) Berkeley have developed a technique that can be used to identify the structure of an individual carbon nanotube and characterize its electronic and optical properties in a functional device. (more…)

New Coal Technology Harnesses Energy without Burning, Nears Pilot-Scale Development

By Guest PostFebruary 8, 2013Environmentamerica, atmosphere, carbon dioxide, cdcl, chemical reaction, clean coal technology, coal ash, coal derived syngas, coal feedstock, coal to electricity, combustion, consumes oxygen, convert, dawei wang, diameter, economy with jobs, elena chung, hot iron, human hair, iron oxide beads, liang shih fan, micrometers, millimeters, natural resources, new coal technology, ohio coal, ohio state university, pilot scale development, pulverized coal, reaction, reactor, research scale plants, samuel ayham, scl, syngas chemical looping, Technology, thermal kilowatts

COLUMBUS, Ohio — A new form of clean coal technology reached an important milestone recently, with the successful operation of a research-scale combustion system at Ohio State University. The technology is now ready for testing at a larger scale.

For 203 continuous hours, the Ohio State combustion unit produced heat from coal while capturing 99 percent of the carbon dioxide produced in the reaction. (more…)

How Planets Form: Astronomers Weigh a Protoplanetary Disk with Unprecedented Accuracy

By Guest PostFebruary 5, 2013Scienceabundant element, accuracy, amount of hydrogen, astronomers, constellation hydra, discrepancy, dust and gas, dust grains, edwin bergin, european space agency, extra neutron, five solar systems, fraction, gaseous hydrogen, goran pilbratt, herschel space observatory, how planets form, human hair, ilsedore cleeves, jupiter, like earth, Nature, nucleus, orbiting radio telescope, origin of planets, planet building process, planet forming disk, planetary birth, protoplanetary disk, solar systems, starlight, sun, terrestrial worlds, total gas mass, tw hydra, universe, university of michigan, water and carbon, weighing a disc, young star

ANN ARBOR — In a study that gives astronomers new insights into how planets form, research led by the University of Michigan has enabled a dramatically more precise measurement of the amount of dust and gas in the planet-forming disk around a young star.

The findings speak, in a way, to a fundamental question: “Why are we here?” (more…)

UCLA’s New Nano-Lens Microscopes Can Detect Viruses, Other Objects at Nanoscale

By Guest PostJanuary 28, 2013Scienceadenoviruses, ahmet f coskun, alon greenbaum, aydogan ozcan, california nanosystems institute, cea leti, cedric p allier, computational reconstruction techniques, electron microscopy, euan mcleod, france, H1N1, henry samueli school, human hair, influenza viral particles, led, light emitting diode, liquid lenses, microscopic objects, nanoscale lenses, nanoscale objects, onur mudanyali, optical microscopy method, optical microscopy platform, polystyrene nanoparticles, single viruses, sparse population, special liquid composition, square millimeters, ucla, volume of samples, wei luo, yves hennequin

By using tiny liquid lenses that self-assemble around microscopic objects, a team from UCLA’s Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science has created an optical microscopy method that allows users to directly see objects more than 1,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair.

Coupled with computer-based computational reconstruction techniques, this portable and cost-effective platform, which has a wide field of view, can detect individual viruses and nanoparticles, making it potentially useful in the diagnosis of diseases in point-of-care settings or areas where medical resources are limited. (more…)

Virus Caught in the Act of Infecting a Cell

By Guest PostJanuary 12, 2013Health, Scienceaustin, bacterium, bo hu, cryo electron tomography, ct scan, e coli, experimental evidence, feelers, fibers, genetic, genetic material, head, human hair, ian molineux, image, infect, infect a cell, infected cell membrane, infection, infection process, jun liu, protein, protein path, robot like process, structure, t7, texas, thickness, university, ut health, viral dna, virus, visualize, william margolin

About the video: watch an animation showing the changes in the structure of a T7 virus as it infects an E. coli bacterium.

AUSTIN, Texas — The detailed changes in the structure of a virus as it infects an E. coli bacterium have been observed for the first time, report researchers from The University of Texas at Austin and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health) Medical School this week in Science Express. (more…)

Opposites Attract

By Guest PostJuly 1, 2012Scienceenergy engineering, environmental, force, fuel cell membrane, hems, hems fuel cells, human hair, hydroxide exchange membranes, interaction, jason skovard, molecular interaction, nickel, non platinum metals, opposites attract, platinum catalysts, polymer chain, polymer membrane, polymer membranes, shuang gu, silver, udei, university of delaware, van der waals, yushan yan

UD professor reports milestone in fuel cell membrane research

It looks like a plastic candy wrapper that’s been charred on both sides, but it may hold the solution to commercially viable fuel cells.

About the thickness of a human hair, it is actually a thin polymer membrane sandwiched between two catalysts. The work is that of Yushan Yan, Distinguished Professor of Engineering at the University of Delaware, who is known for developing new catalysts and membranes to reduce the cost and improve the durability of fuel cells.

The membrane, he says, is a game changing development that shows great promise to revolutionize the way engineers and scientists think about traditional chemical crosslinking methods used to create strong fuel cell membranes. (more…)

Biochip Measures Glucose in Saliva, Not Blood

By Guest PostJanuary 22, 2012Sciencealec roelke, americans, biochip, biological device, blood, brown university, chip, convergence, diabetics, domenico pacifici, environmental substances, glucose concentration, glucose levels, grooves, human hair, human saliva, interaction of electrons, interference, jing feng, light, light intensity, maxima and minima, measure, microfluidic channels, milligrams per deciliter, Nanotechnology, ocean waves, photons, plasmonic interferometers, steve rhieu, surface plasmon polariton, surface plasmon waves, surface plasmonics, tayhas palmore, vihang mehta, vince siu, wavelength

*Engineers at Brown University have designed a biological device that can measure glucose concentrations in human saliva. The technique could eliminate the need for diabetics to draw blood to check their glucose levels. The biochip uses plasmonic interferometers and could be used to measure a range of biological and environmental substances. Results are published in Nano Letters.*

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — For the 26 million Americans with diabetes, drawing blood is the most prevalent way to check glucose levels. It is invasive and at least minimally painful. Researchers at Brown University are working on a new sensor that can check blood sugar levels by measuring glucose concentrations in saliva instead.

The technique takes advantage of a convergence of nanotechnology and surface plasmonics, which explores the interaction of electrons and photons (light). The engineers at Brown etched thousands of plasmonic interferometers onto a fingernail-size biochip and measured the concentration of glucose molecules in water on the chip. Their results showed that the specially designed biochip could detect glucose levels similar to the levels found in human saliva. Glucose in human saliva is typically about 100 times less concentrated than in the blood. (more…)

UCLA Physicists Report Nanotechnology Feat With Proteins

By Guest PostDecember 24, 2011Scienceatp, class of enzymes, elastic, enzyme, giovanni zocchi, gk, guanylate kinase, human hair, kinases, liquid, liquids flow, mechanical energy, mechanical response, nanomechanical measurements, nanometer, Nanotechnology, phosphate group, protein molecules, resolution, solid, stress, university of Illinois, visco elastic, visco elastic transition, viscoelastic behavior, viscoelastic regime, viscous, yong wang

UCLA physicists have made nanomechanical measurements of unprecedented resolution on protein molecules.

The new measurements, by UCLA physics professor Giovanni Zocchi and former UCLA physics graduate student Yong Wang, are approximately 100 times higher in resolution than previous mechanical measurements, a nanotechnology feat which reveals an isolated protein molecule, surprisingly, is neither a solid nor a liquid.

“Proteins are the molecular machines of life, the molecules we are made of,” Zocchi said. “We have found that sometimes they behave as a solid and sometimes as a liquid. (more…)

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