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What Bacteria Don’t Know Can Hurt Them

By Guest PostJanuary 20, 2012Scienceantibiotic sensitive bacteria, biofilm bacteria, clusters of bacteria, engineered bacteria, resistance of biofilms, starved bacteria

Many infections, even those caused by antibiotic-sensitive bacteria, resist treatment. This paradox has vexed physicians for decades, and makes some infections impossible to cure. (more…)

University of Toronto/Royal Ontario Museum Scientists Discover Unusual ‘Tulip’ Creature

By Guest PostJanuary 20, 2012Scienceburgess shale, burgess shale animals, tulip beds, tulip creature, tulip shaped creature

Lived in the ocean more than 500-million years ago

A bizarre creature that lived in the ocean more than 500-million years ago has emerged from the famous Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale in the Canadian Rockies. (more…)

Study Provides New Insights into Antibiotics and Pig Feeds

By Guest PostJanuary 19, 2012Scienceabundance, antibiotic resistant gene, antibiotics, benli chai, chickens, diversity, e coli, farm animals, feed efficiency, gastrointestinal microbes, gastrointestinal tract, growth rates, in feed antibiotic, intestinal microbial communities, james tiedje, kurt stepnitz, livestock, michigan state university, pig feed, population, robert stedtfeld, tiffany stedtfeld, tim johnson, woo jun sul

EAST LANSING, Mich. — Antibiotics in pig feed increased the number of antibiotic resistant genes in gastrointestinal microbes in pigs, according to a study conducted by Michigan State University and the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service.

Published in the current edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the comprehensive study focused on understanding the effects of conventional, in-feed antibiotics in U.S. farms. (more…)

Markerless Motion Capture Offers A New Angle On Tennis Injuries

By Guest PostJanuary 19, 2012Science, Sports3d volume, ajit chaudhari, alison sheets, baseball, characteristic spin, computer program, game, game like situation, geoffrey d abrams, injury, kick serve, marc safran, markerless motion capture, motion capture technology, ohio state university, orthopedic injuries, racquet, rehabilitation protocols, researchers, shoulder injury, stanford university, stroke, tennis ball, tennis injuries, tennis player, thomas p andriacchi, timothy hewitt, upper body, vertical center line

COLUMBUS, Ohio – A new approach to motion capture technology is offering fresh insights into tennis injuries – and orthopedic injuries in general.

Researchers studied three types of tennis serves, and identified one in particular, called a “kick” serve, which creates the highest potential for shoulder injury. (more…)

Mother of All Mergers

By Guest PostJanuary 18, 2012Sciencecell age, one celled organisms, strains of yeast, yeast cells

*Yeast open a window on a spectacular step in evolution*

Around 800 million years ago, some of the one-celled organisms that constituted the whole of earthly life took an evolutionary leap that changed everything. (more…)

What Do Sunsets Look Like From Other Planets?

By Guest PostJanuary 17, 2012ScienceAlien, aspen, astrophysicist, atmosphere, colorado, conference, exoclimes, exoclimes 2012, extrasolar planets, frederic pont, fundamental problems, Galaxy, gloomy orange, hd 189, hd 189733 b, hd 209, hd 209458 b, Hubble Space Telescope, modern astronomy, neutral sodium lines, osiris, planet forming discs, planetary atmospheres, planets, sodium street lighting, solar system, spectral, sun, sunset, sunset images, transmission spectrum, university of exeter, website

A University of Exeter astrophysicist has shown what sunsets look like on planets outside our solar system.

He has worked out the colour of sunsets on two planets: HD 209458 b and HD 189733 b, known as ‘extrasolar planets’ because they are outside our solar system.

Extrasolar planets orbit stars, in a similar way to the Earth orbiting the Sun. Professor Frédéric Pont of the University of Exeter has used the extrasolar planets’ ‘transmission spectrum’, taken by the Hubble Space Telescope, to work out the colour of the ‘sunsets’ created by these stars.

Writing on the website ExoClimes.com, where he has posted the two sunset images he has produced, Professor Pont said: “Unlike its sister planet HD ’189, the planet HD ’209 (‘Osiris’) has a sunset that looks truly alien. The star is white outside the atmosphere, since its temperature is close to that of the Sun. It then acquires a bluish tinge as it sinks deeper, because the absorption by the broad wings of the neutral sodium lines (the spectral lines responsible for the gloomy orange of sodium street lighting) remove the red and orange from the star light. (more…)

Scientists Prepare to Take First-Ever Picture of a Black Hole

By Guest PostJanuary 16, 2012Scienceabyss of space, albert einstein, alma, arizona, astrophysicists, atacama large millimeter array, atmosphere, black hole, black void, center of milky way, Chile, cosmic traffic jam, dan marrone, daniel stolte, dimitrios psaltis, earth, einstein, event horizon, event horizon telescope, extreme environment, field of gravity, game changer, general relativity, global array, hawaii, haystack observatory, maelstroms, mass, massachusetts institute of technology, mauna kea, mercury, Mexico, MIT, mt graham, nothingness, optical telescopes, plasma, radio telescopes, radio waves, shadow, sheperd doeleman, south pole, space and time, steward observatory, sun, supermassive black hole, theory of general relativity, tucson, ultra precise timing, universe, university of arizona, virtual telescope, water vapor, wavelengths

*The Event Horizon Telescope is an Earth-sized virtual telescope powerful enough to see all the way to the center of our Milky Way, where a supermassive black hole will allow astrophysicists to put Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity to the test.*

Astronomers, physicists and scientists from related fields across the world will convene in Tucson, Ariz. on Jan. 18 to discuss an endeavor that only a few years ago would have been regarded as nothing less than outrageous.

The conference is organized by Dimitrios Psaltis, an associate professor of astrophysics at the University of Arizona’s Steward Observatory, and Dan Marrone, an assistant professor of astronomy at Steward Observatory. (more…)

Four WHOI Scientists Contribute to Comprehensive Picture of the Fate of Oil from Deepwater Horizon Spill

By Guest PostJanuary 16, 2012Environment, Scienceairborne plume, autonomous underwater vehicle, benzene, christopher reddy, ctds, dan torres, deep-water, deepwater horizon, elizabeth kujawinski, environmental distribution, fluid, gas components, gulf of mexico, hydrocarbon flow rate, jeffrey seewald, macondo well, mass balance, methane, natural gas, noaa p 3 planes, oceanographic instrument, oil and gas, remotely operated vehicle, richard camilli, rov, sampling techniques, sentry, spill, spill rate, subsurface chemical data, tethys, thomas ryerson, well, whoi, woods hole oceanographic institution

A new study provides a composite picture of the environmental distribution of oil and gas from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill in the Gulf of Mexico. It amasses a vast collection of available atmospheric, surface and subsurface chemical data to assemble a “mass balance” of how much oil and gas was released, where it went and the chemical makeup of the compounds that remained in the air, on the surface, and in the deep water.

The study, “Chemical data quantify Deepwater Horizon hydrocarbon flow rate and environmental distribution,” is published online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. (more…)

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