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Study of microcredit finds generally positive, but not transformative, impacts

By Guest PostMay 16, 2013Economyanti poverty initiatives, bank, bill, central mexico, compartamos banco, credito mujer, dartmouth college, dean karlan, economist, grameen bank, jonathan zinman, manuela angelucci, market capitalization, melinda gates foundation, Mexico, microcredit, microcredit program, muhammad yunus, nobel peace prize, poverty, poverty action, sonora state, ultra poor, university of michigan, yale university

Microcredit generally benefits borrowers, according to new research focused on Mexico’s biggest for-profit microlender — but it’s not lifting people out of poverty.

In a multi-year, randomized evaluation of microloans provided by Compartamos Banco, Yale University economist Dean Karlan, with collaborators Manuela Angelucci of the University of Michigan and Jonathan Zinman of Dartmouth College, show there are generally positive effects on average and find little evidence that some borrowers end up worse off while others end up better off. However, the canonical story that microcredit leads to higher enterprise income did not bear fruit. (more…)

Protected areas successfully prevent deforestation in Amazon rainforest

By Guest PostMarch 22, 2013EnvironmentAmazon, amazon deforestation rates, Amazon rainforest, arun agrawal, betty moore foundation, brazilian amazon, christoph nolte, datasets, deforestation pressure, deforestation rates, human settlements, indigenous groups, kirsten m silvius, prevent deforestation, protected areas, reducing carbon emissions, reducing deforestation, remote sensing, snre, statistical analysis, university of michigan

ANN ARBOR — Strictly protected areas such as national parks and biological reserves have been more effective at reducing deforestation in the Amazon rainforest than protected zones that allow for controlled removal of trees and other natural resources.

In addition, protected areas established primarily to safeguard the rights and livelihoods of indigenous people performed especially well in places where deforestation pressures are high, two University of Michigan researchers and their colleagues determined. (more…)

Green Tea Extract Interferes with the Formation of Amyloid Plaques in Alzheimer’s Disease

By Guest PostMarch 15, 2013Healthakiko kochi, alaina detoma, alzheimer's disease, ayyalusamy ramamoorthy, benefit, bing ye, brain, brandon ruotoloa, copper, egcg, epigallocatechin 3 gallate, green tea, iron, jung suk choi, life sciences institute, metal associated amyloids, mi hee lim, molecule, neurodegenerative conditions, powerful antioxidants, sanghyun lee, specific proteins, structure centric, subramanian vivekanandan, suk joon hyung, tweak, university of michigan, zinc

ANN ARBOR — Researchers at the University of Michigan have found a new potential benefit of a molecule in green tea: preventing the misfolding of specific proteins in the brain.

The aggregation of these proteins, called metal-associated amyloids, is associated with Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. (more…)

Two-thirds of Americans Now Believe Global Warming is Real

By Guest PostMarch 10, 2013Environmentallentown, americans, barry rabe, belief, evidence, global temperatures, global warming, hurricanes, muhlenberg college, muhlenberg institute, planet, political factors, public opinion, religious, self identified republicans, superstorm sandy, university of michigan

ANN ARBOR — An increasing number of Americans indicate that there is evidence of global warming, with 67 percent now expressing a belief that the planet has warmed over the past four decades, according to a University of Michigan survey.

It marks the highest level of belief in global warming since a 72 percent-measure in 2008 and is up from 52 percent in spring 2010.

The results come from the National Surveys on Energy and Environment, a joint effort of the Center for Local, State, and Urban Policy at U-M’s Ford School of Public Policy and the Muhlenberg Institute of Public Opinion at Muhlenberg College in Allentown, Pa. (more…)

Early Warning System Provides Four-Month Forecast of Malaria Epidemics in Northwest India

By Guest PostMarch 9, 2013General, Healthaccurate prediction, anopheles mosquitoes, b a cash, breeding sites, climate link, environmental condition, epidemiological records, India, indicator, infected mosquitoes, malaria epidemics, malaria risk, mercedes pascual, monsoon rainfall, northwest india, plasmodium parasite, red blood cells, sea surface temperature, semi arid region, south atlantic ocean, thar desert, transmitted via bites, tropical, university of michigan, west of africa, x rodo

ANN ARBOR — Sea surface temperatures in the tropical South Atlantic Ocean can be used to accurately forecast, by up to four months, malaria epidemics thousands of miles away in northwestern India, a University of Michigan theoretical ecologist and her colleagues have found.

Colder-than-normal July sea surface temperatures in the tropical South Atlantic are linked to both increased monsoon rainfall and malaria epidemics in the arid and semi-arid regions of northwest India, including the vast Thar desert, according to Mercedes Pascual and her colleagues, who summarize their findings in a paper published online March 3 in the journal Nature Climate Change. (more…)

Stay Cool and Live Longer?

By Guest PostFebruary 24, 2013Healthbi zhang, calcium, cells, chemical reactions, cold blooded animals, cold environments, daf 16, fat cells, fat tissue, fish, flies, foxo, gene, genetic program, humans, jianke gong, live longer, longevity in mammals, longevity of roundworms, nematodes, nerve, passive thermodynamic process, pharmacological stimulation, rate, rate of aging, receptor, rui xiao, shawn xu, spicy condiment wasabi, stay cool, temperature response, trpa1 channel, university of michigan, warm blooded lanimals, worms, yongming dong

ANN ARBOR — Scientists have known for nearly a century that cold-blooded animals, such as worms, flies and fish all live longer in cold environments, but have not known exactly why.

Researchers at the University of Michigan Life Sciences Institute have identified a genetic program that promotes longevity of roundworms in cold environments—and this genetic program also exists in warm-blooded animals, including humans. (more…)

Social Networking: Gen Xers Connect Online as Often as They Socialize in Person

By Guest PostFebruary 8, 2013Culture, Technologyamerican youth, americans, beginning, electronic era, electronic networking, electronic social networking, face to face, Facebook, first generation, generation x, generation x report, interactions, jon d miller, longitudinal study, personal emails, quality of life, skyping, social capital, social media, Twitter, university of michigan, vital component, young adults, young women

ANN ARBOR — Young adults in Generation X are as likely to connect with friends, family and co-workers online as they are in person, according to a University of Michigan study.

In a typical month, adults in their late 30s report that they engaged in about 75 face-to-face contacts or conversations, compared to about 74 electronic contracts through personal emails or social media. (more…)

How Planets Form: Astronomers Weigh a Protoplanetary Disk with Unprecedented Accuracy

By Guest PostFebruary 5, 2013Scienceabundant element, accuracy, amount of hydrogen, astronomers, constellation hydra, discrepancy, dust and gas, dust grains, edwin bergin, european space agency, extra neutron, five solar systems, fraction, gaseous hydrogen, goran pilbratt, herschel space observatory, how planets form, human hair, ilsedore cleeves, jupiter, like earth, Nature, nucleus, orbiting radio telescope, origin of planets, planet building process, planet forming disk, planetary birth, protoplanetary disk, solar systems, starlight, sun, terrestrial worlds, total gas mass, tw hydra, universe, university of michigan, water and carbon, weighing a disc, young star

ANN ARBOR — In a study that gives astronomers new insights into how planets form, research led by the University of Michigan has enabled a dramatically more precise measurement of the amount of dust and gas in the planet-forming disk around a young star.

The findings speak, in a way, to a fundamental question: “Why are we here?” (more…)

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