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Mystery of 1918 Pandemic Flu Virus Solved by UA Researchers

By Guest PostMay 3, 2014Health, Science1918, algorithmus, bacterial infections, Economy, embryo development, fertilization treatment, financial products, genetic mutations, green products, kechun zhang, mario krenn, matthew sieber, melvin, michael worobey, mitochondrial activity, mystery, pneumonia, polycystic ovary syndrome, researcher, spandex, synthetic biopathway, tca cycle, ua researchers, university of arizona, world war

University of Arizona researcher Michael Worobey and his team have discovered that the key to understanding influenza pandemics may lie in flu exposure during childhood.

Just as the world was recovering from the devastation of World War I, another killer swept across the globe. A deadly flu virus attacked more than one-third of the world’s population, and within months had killed more than 50 million people – three times as many as the war – and had done it more quickly than any other illness in recorded history. (more…)

Ancient Fossil Reveals Oldest Known Circulatory System

By Guest PostApril 13, 2014Nature, Scienceaurora australis, cambrian period, cardiovascular system, China, circulatory system, craig aumack, don perovich, earliest known, fuxianhuia protensa, ice breaker, ice pond, kate crawford, ken golden, life of ice, lili cheng, nicholas strausfeld, pompeii, united kingdom, university of arizona, vascular system, xianguang hou, xiaoya ma, yunnan province

A fossil creature buried in an “invertebrate version of Pompeii” more than half a billion years ago reveals the first-known cardiovascular system in exquisitely preserved detail.

An international team of researchers from the University of Arizona, China and the United Kingdom has discovered the earliest known cardiovascular system, and the first to clearly show a sophisticated system complete with heart and blood vessels, in fossilized remains of an extinct marine creature that lived over half a billion years ago. The finding sheds new light on the evolution of body organization in the animal kingdom and shows that even the earliest creatures had internal organizational systems that strongly resemble those found in their modern descendants. (more…)

NASA Orbiter Finds New Gully Channel on Mars

By Guest PostMarch 23, 2014Scienceball aerospace, carbon dioxide, highlands of mars, hirise camera, mars, mars reconnaissance orbiter, martian season, nasa orbiter, new gully channel, temperature, tucson, university of arizona

A comparison of images taken by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter in November 2010 and May 2013 reveal the formation of a new gully channel on a crater-wall slope in the southern highlands of Mars.

These before-and-after images are available online at https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA17958 . (more…)

Amazon Carbon Dynamics: Understanding the Photosynthesis-Climate Link

By Guest PostMarch 13, 2014Environmentamazon carbon dynamics, amazon tropical forests, australia, carbon cycle science, climate, computer model, dennis dye, earth observing satellites, hydrologist valeriy ivanov, jin wu, link, manaus, photosynthesis, project, santarem, scientists in brazil, scott saleska, seasonal variations, sydney, three dimensional variation, university of arizona, university of michigan, university of technology, usgs

FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. — Researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Michigan, the University of Arizona, and the University of Technology, Sydney (Australia) are collaborating with scientists in Brazil on a three-year research project that investigates a basic yet unanswered question in Earth-system and global carbon-cycle science: What controls the response of photosynthesis in Amazon tropical forests to seasonal variations in climate?

Results of the study will help improve the reliability of global climate forecasts by guiding improvements in the treatment of tropical forest photosynthesis and related water-cycle processes in Earth-system models. (more…)

Pizza Herb Could Help Curb Foodborne Illness

By Guest PostMarch 2, 2014Scienceantimicrobial, carvacrol, damian gilling, foodborne illness, hydrogen peroxide, jason torrey, kelly bright, masaaki kitajima, mechanism of breakdown, nonenveloped virus, oregano oil, pizza herb, university of arizona, winter vomiting disease

Carvacrol, the primary active component in oregano oil, effectively kills norovirus, a common cause of foodborne illness outbreaks in hospitals, schools and cruise ships.

A study led by University of Arizona researcher Kelly Bright has found that carvacrol – the substance in oregano oil that gives the pizza herb its distinctive warm and aromatic smell and flavor – is effective against norovirus, causing the breakdown of the virus’ tough outer coat. The research is published in the Society for Applied Microbiology’s Journal of Applied Microbiology. (more…)

Obesity-Related Gut Bacteria Higher in People in Northern Climes

By Guest PostFebruary 19, 2014Healthbacteroidetes, Berkeley, evolutionary biology, firmicutes, geographic regions, gut bacteria, healthy microbiota, human gut, michael worobey, northern climes, obesity linked bacteria, obesity related, people, taichi suzuki, university of arizona, university of california

People living in northern latitudes have more gut bacteria linked to obesity compared with people living in southern latitudes, a new study has found.

People living in cold, northern latitudes have bacteria in their guts that may predispose them to obesity, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Arizona and the University of California, Berkeley. (more…)

Vampires & Shades of Grey: How Media Shapes Who We Are

By Guest PostJanuary 29, 2014Culture, Mediaabstinence porn, carrie bradshaw, city, clair huxtable, desperate housewives, dexter, empowering, franchise, homer simpson, hope jensen schau, internet era, jake schreiber, Media, sex, shades of grey, social force, Technology, the cosby show, twilight, twilight fan fiction, university of arizona, vampires, warrior princess, xena

Don’t think media shapes how you behave? Think again, says Hope Schau, a UA associate professor of marketing.

Are you a Homer Simpson or a Dexter? How about a Clair Huxtable or a Carrie Bradshaw? Chances are you don’t think of yourself as a doughnut-loving oaf, a brilliant serial killer, an unflappable power-mom/lawyer nor a lovelorn fashionista.

But when you watch these characters on television, your brain is doing something you may not even realize, says University of Arizona associate professor of marketing Hope Jensen Schau: figuring out who you are. (more…)

Microbial Murder Mystery Lands Two UA Students in Top 10 of Ocean Science Video Challenge

By Guest PostJanuary 20, 2014Sciencealgae bloom, ann gregory, carbon storage, cartoon video, cosee florida scientist, crime story, fish stock assessments, ignacio espinoza, j cesar, love, mallory watson, marine cyanobacteria, microbial murder mystery, myo cyanophage, ocean science, prochlorococcus, sullivan lab, synechococcus, top 10, university of arizona, video challenge, viral tagging technique, virus

A three-minute cartoon video made by two UA graduate students is one of 10 finalists in the Ocean 180 Video Challenge, an outreach campaign designed to inspire scientists to communicate the meaning and significance of scientific research to a broader audience.

A science video disguised as a cartoon murder mystery has landed two University of Arizona marine ecology students among the top 10 finalists in the Ocean 180 Video Challenge, an outreach campaign designed to inspire scientists to communicate the meaning and significance of scientific research to a broader audience. (more…)

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