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Hidden Dangers in the Air We Breathe

By Guest PostMay 10, 2013Environment, Healthacrolein, air quality, air we breathe, average american, berkeley lab, brett singer, california, cardiovascular systems, chronic exposure, daly, factories, fine particles, gas, health hazards, hidden dangers, indoor air pollutants, indoor air quality, max sherman, micrometers in diameter, phillip price, respiratory, title 24, united states, urban environment, us population, vehicles, world health organization, world war

Berkeley Lab researchers work on new building standards after discovering previously unknown indoor air pollutants.

For decades, no one worried much about the air quality inside people’s homes unless there was secondhand smoke or radon present. Then scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) made the discovery that the aggregate health consequences of poor indoor air quality are as significant as those from all traffic accidents or infectious diseases in the United States. One major source of indoor pollutants in the home is cooking.

The Berkeley Lab scientists are now working on turning those research findings into science-based solutions, including better standards for residential buildings and easier ways to test for the hazardous pollutants. These efforts are the result of a paper published in Environmental Health Perspectives in 2012 that described a new method for estimating the chronic health impact of indoor air pollutants. That research uncovered two pollutants that previously had not been recognized as a cause for concern—fine particles and a gas called acrolein. (more…)

Breastfeeding: Not only for young teens

By Guest PostMay 8, 2013Healthbirth control, bottle feeding, breast cancer, breast milk, breastfeeding, ovarian cancer, teen mom

When a teen mom is considering breastfeeding, it may be a tough task for her to break misconceptions, she has about breastfeeding. For example, many teens prefer bottle feeding as a healthier choice over breast feeding. They also believe that their breasts will lose their shape and it is “old school.” Teen moms, just like adults consider many factors when choosing breastfeeding. (more…)

Southern exposure: 21% of U.S. elderly take high-risk medicines

By Guest PostMay 6, 2013Healtheconomic statistics, high risk medications, high risk medicines, hospital referral regions

A study of more than 6 million seniors in Medicare Advantage plans in 2009 found that 21 percent received a prescription for at least one potentially harmful “high-risk medication.” Nearly 5 percent received at least two. Questionable prescriptions are more common in the South and among people who live in poor areas. (more…)

Subconscious mental categories help brain sort through everyday experiences

By Guest PostMay 2, 2013Health, Scienceanna schapiro, brain, brown university, chopping vegetables, computational model, dynamic, experiences, functional, magnetic resonance imaging, matthew botvinick, michael frank, natalia cordova, nature neuroscience, neural populations, nicholas turk browne, princeton university, similarity structure, subconscious mental, temporal relationship, timothy rogers

Your brain knows it’s time to cook when the stove is on, and the food and pots are out. When you rush away to calm a crying child, though, cooking is over and it’s time to be a parent. Your brain processes and responds to these occurrences as distinct, unrelated events.

But it remains unclear exactly how the brain breaks such experiences into “events,” or the related groups that help us mentally organize the day’s many situations. A dominant concept of event-perception known as prediction error says that our brain draws a line between the end of one event and the start of another when things take an unexpected turn (such as a suddenly distraught child). (more…)

A new approach to spinal muscular atrophy?

By Guest PostMay 1, 2013Healthals drug, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, anne hart, boston, brown university, caenorhabditis elegans worm, children hospital, doctors for riluzole, maria dimitriadi, model of sma, neuromuscular disease, new therapy, normal cells, protein, riluzole, sk2 channels, sk2 potassium channels, sma treatment, smn, spinal muscular atrophy, survival motor neuron, united states, worm neurons

Spinal muscular atrophy is a debilitating neuromuscular disease that in its most severe form is the leading genetic cause of infant death. By experimenting with an ALS drug in two very different animal models, researchers at Brown University and Boston Children’s Hospital have identified a new potential mechanism for developing an SMA treatment.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — There is no specific drug to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a family of motor neuron diseases that in its most severe form is the leading genetic cause of infant death in the United States and affects one in 6,000 people overall. But a new multispecies study involving a drug that treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has pinpointed a mechanism of SMA that drug developers might be able to exploit for a new therapy. (more…)

UCLA researchers discover sperm move along a ‘twisting ribbon’

By Guest PostApril 30, 2013Healthaydogan ozcan, chemicals, chemo attractants, chiral ribbon patterns, euan mcleod, fertilization, flagella propel, functions, holographic microscope, horse sperm cells, human, inkyum choi, jaiwen feng, kalvin huang, micro swimmers, micrometers, microscale motion, migration of cells, sperm, sperm cells, sperm head, sperm motility, sperm motion, swimming patterns, ting wei su, toxins, twisted ribbon pattern, twisting ribbon, ucla researchers

Opening the door to more sophisticated investigation of sperm locomotion and biophysics, researchers from UCLA’s Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science have identified previously unobserved swimming patterns in human and horse sperm cells.

This research, published in Scientific Reports, a journal of the Nature Publishing Group, could lead to a deeper understanding of how sperm move on their way to fertilization or other functions and how they react when encountering various toxins or chemicals. (more…)

What a difference a 3-D makes

By Guest PostApril 28, 2013Healthfractured pelvis, multiple pelvic fractures, spinal problem

3-D CT scans give the U a leg up in spotting veterinary injuries

When Gauge fell from a rooftop a few months ago, he had two strikes against him:

• The ground was five stories down

• He was a dog, not a cat (more…)

Despite free health care, household income affects chronic disease control in kids

By Guest PostApril 28, 2013Healthblood molecules, child university hospital, chronic disease, chu sainte justine, diabetes, factor, glycated hemoglobin levels, hba1c, johnny deladoey, kids, louis geoffroy, ontario, sainte justine mother, social workers, statistics canada, sugar, type 1 diabetes, university of montreal

Researchers at the University of Montreal have found that the glycated hemoglobin levels of children with type 1 diabetes followed at its affiliated Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital (CHU Sainte-Justine) is correlated linearly and negatively with household income. Glycated hemoglobin is the binding of sugar to blood molecules – over time, high blood sugar levels lead to high levels of glycated hemoglobin, which means that it can be used to assess whether a patient properly controls his or her blood glucose level. “Our study highlights a marked disparity between the rich and the poor in an important health outcome for children with type 1 diabetes, despite free access to health care”, explained Dr. Johnny Deladoëy, who led the study. (more…)

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