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Women donate less to charity than men in some contexts

By Guest PostMay 26, 2013CultureBerkeley, data, donation, economist, face to face, gautam rao, john list, philanthropy, specific altruism, stefano dellavigna, uchicago, ulrike malmendier, university of california, university of chicago

Given the chance, women are more likely than men to opt out of a request to give a charitable donation, a group of economists have found.

The issue of which gender is more generous has been debated for years. A new field experiment conducted by scholars at the University of Chicago and University of California, Berkeley shows that when it’s easy to avoid making a donation, such as not responding to a door-to-door solicitor, women are less likely than men to give. (more…)

New dark matter detector begins search for invisible particles

By Guest PostMay 12, 2013Sciencecanada, cf3i, chicagoland observatory, coupp, coupp 60, dark matter detector, dark matter experiment, dark matter particles, earth from space, fermilab, fire extinguishers, galaxies, hugh lippincott, ingredient, invisible particles, juan collar, massive particles, neutrons, ontario, purified water, rotational velocities, snolab, telescopes, underground particle physics, universe, university of chicago

Scientists heard their first pops last week in an experiment that searches for signs of dark matter in the form of tiny bubbles.

They will need to analyze them further in order to discern whether dark matter caused any of the COUPP-60 experiment’s first bubbles at the SNOLAB underground science laboratory in Ontario, Canada. Dark matter accounts for nearly 90 percent of all matter in the universe, yet it is invisible to telescopes.

“Our goal is to make the most sensitive detector to see signals of particles that we don’t understand,” said Hugh Lippincott, a postdoctoral scientist with Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. Lippincott has spent much of the past several months leading the installation of the one-of-a-kind detector at SNOLAB, 1.5 miles underground. (more…)

Power of integrity

By Guest PostMarch 30, 2013Economybarbados group, efficiency, eugene fama, fortune magazine, harvard university, hidden moonwalking bear, hidden power, hutchinson lecture, michael jensen, normative virtues, positive theory, power of integrity, productivity, robert merton, university of chicago, university of delaware, veil of invisibility, violation

Hutchinson Lecture features financial economics expert Jensen

It can be easy to miss what’s right in front of you, said Michael Jensen as he shared an awareness test video of basketball players and a “hidden” moonwalking bear in the opening of the 23rd annual Hutchinson Lecture last week at the University of Delaware.

“In effect, integrity is the unforeseen bear in our lives and my intention is to shift the parts of our world group, our frames of reference, relevant to our view of integrity so that we see it differently, in fact as it is, or much closer to what it is,” said Jensen, who presented “The Hidden Power of Integrity and Access to Vast Increases in Performance.” (more…)

Prescription for double-dose algebra proves effective

By Guest PostMarch 26, 2013Sciencecps, double dose algebra, double period idea, education policy, elaine allensworth, everyday mathematics, failure rates, k 12 education, martin gartzman, math, melissa roderick, periods of algebra, Science, takako nomi, university of chicago

Martin Gartzman sat in his dentist’s waiting room last fall when he read a study in Education Next that nearly brought him to tears.

A decade ago, in his former position as chief math and science officer for Chicago Public Schools, Gartzman spearheaded an attempt to decrease ninth-grade algebra failure rates, an issue he calls “an incredibly vexing problem.” His idea was to provide extra time for struggling students by having them take two consecutive periods of algebra.

Gartzman had been under the impression that the double-dose algebra program he had instituted had only marginal results, but the study he read indicated otherwise. (more…)

Sleep consolidates memories for competing tasks

By Guest PostMarch 24, 2013Nature, Scienceavian, brain, brain function, consolidate learning, daniel margoliash, development in birds, excellent model, formation, howard nusbaum, mammalian brains, sleep, stable memories, starlings, timothy brawn, university of chicago

Sleep plays an important role in the brain’s ability to consolidate learning when two new potentially competing tasks are learned in the same day, research at the University of Chicago demonstrates.

Other studies have shown that sleep consolidates learning for a new task. The new study, which measured starlings’ ability to recognize new songs, shows that learning a second task can undermine the performance of a previously learned task. But this study is the first to show that a good night’s sleep helps the brain retain both new memories. (more…)

‘Nuisance’ Data Lead to Surprising Star-Birth Discovery

By Guest PostMarch 15, 2013Sciencealma, Antarctica, atacama, atacama desert, baby picture, Chile, cosmic microwave background, early universe, earth, electromagnetic spectrum, history, joaquin vieira, john carlstrom, large millimeter array, northern hemisphere, nuisance data, population, radio galaxies, sky, south pole telescope, star birth discovery, star forming galaxies, sub millimeter wavelengths, universe, university of chicago

When a batch of bright cosmic objects first appeared in maps in 2008 made with data from the South Pole Telescope, astronomers at the University of Chicago’s Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics regarded it only as an unavoidable nuisance.

The light sources interfered with efforts to measure more precisely the cosmic microwave background—the afterglow of the big bang. But the astronomers soon realized that they had made a rare find in South Pole Telescope’s large survey of the sky. The spectra of some of the bright objects, which is the rainbow of light they emit, were inconsistent with what astronomers expected from the well-known population of radio galaxies. (more…)

Space Station to Host New Cosmic Ray Telescope

By Guest PostMarch 13, 2013Sciencealan watson, angela olinto, atmosphere, auger project, big bang, center, cosmic ray detector, cosmic ray telescope, decaying particles, delaware, earth atmosphere, earth based detectors, international project, iss, james cronin, japanese experiment module, light emissions, light speed, marshall space flight, NASA, nobel laureate, observatory in argentina, physicist john linsley, space station, stagg field, supermassive black holes, tennis ball, the universe, ultra high energy, university of chicago, university of leeds

UChicago’s Angela Olinto leads U.S. collaboration on international project

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has awarded $4.4 million to a collaboration of scientists at five United States universities and NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center to help build a telescope for deployment on the International Space Station in 2017.

The U.S. collaboration is part of a 13-nation effort to build the 2.5-meter ultraviolet telescope, called the Extreme Universe Space Observatory. UChicago Prof. Angela Olinto leads the U.S. collaboration. The telescope will search for the mysterious source of the most energetic particles in the universe, called ultra high-energy cosmic rays, from the ISS’s Japanese Experiment Module. The source of these cosmic rays has remained one of the great mysteries of science since physicist John Linsley discovered them more than 50 years ago. These cosmic rays consist of protons and other subatomic scraps of matter that fly through the universe at almost light speed. (more…)

Newt Gingrich talks politics with Axelrod, meets with UChicago students

By Guest PostMarch 7, 2013Politics2012 election, amateur paleontologist, budget challenges, budget cuts, callista, campaign in america, cheerful persistence, college republicans, congress, david axelrod, democrats, election day, exit polls, former speaker, gingrich predictions, harris school, house of representatives, mandel hall, newt gingrich, non partisan institute, political fights, Politics, president bill clinton, President Obama, republican presidential candidate, republican states, the sequester, united states today, university of chicago, us demographics, voting returns, zhe xi luo

Newt Gingrich described for the audience at a recent University of Chicago Institute of Politics event the shock he felt when he realized last Election Day that President Obama would win re-election, confounding Gingrich’s predictions and hopes.

Gingrich said he and his wife Callista stared at each other in disbelief as they took in exit polls and then voting returns that showed a loss beyond anything he had feared, especially among Senate races in traditionally Republican states. It led Gingrich to take a hard look at the tactical and technological gap that may have contributed to his party’s loss. (more…)

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