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Das menschliche Gebiss als Spiegel unserer Evolution

By Guest PostMay 21, 2020Sciencebones, das menschliche gebiss, genes, hannes rathmann, hugo reyes centeno, spiegel unserer evolution, tools, words

Wissenschaftler der Universität Tübingen ermitteln, welche Eigenschaften der Zähne zur Rekonstruktion genetischer Verwandtschaft genutzt werden können

Genetische Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen zwischen individuellen Menschen oder auch Menschengruppen lassen sich anhand ihrer Zahnformen teilweise rekonstruieren. Dr. Hannes Rathmann und Dr. Hugo Reyes-Centeno von der Kolleg-Forschungsgruppe „Words, Bones, Genes, Tools“ an der Universität Tübingen haben nun mithilfe eines Algorithmus herausgearbeitet, welche der zahlreichen Zahnmerkmale sich für Verwandtschaftsanalysen besonders gut eignen und welche Zahnmerkmale weniger die Verwandtschaft, sondern eine ähnliche Anpassung an gleiche Umweltbedingungen widerspiegeln. Die Studie erschien in der Fachzeitschrift Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). (more…)

How math could make bones stronger

By Guest PostJuly 29, 2017Healthanja nohe, best dosage, bone mineral density, bones, math, osteoporosis treatment, prasad dhurjati

Models help UD researchers calculate best dosage for osteoporosis treatment

They may seem rigid and set in their ways, but your bones are actually under constant construction and deconstruction. They give up their nutrient treasures (calcium) to the body and then rebuild in a constant give-and-take sort of rhythm. (more…)

The real killer behind cancer

By Guest PostDecember 1, 2013Healthaggressive therapy, akhouri sinha, anticancer research, behind cancer, bloodstream, bones, cancer positive, cancer surgery, immune system, lymph node, metastasis, metastatic cancer cells, metastatic disease, original tumor, pathologist, pelvic lymph node, prostate cancer, prostate cancer patients, real killer, researcher, solid organ cancer, staging cancer, university of minnesota

This story is short. Not much is known about metastasis.

And that’s the point. (more…)

Brown Researchers Build Robotic Bat Wing

By Guest PostFebruary 23, 2013Scienceaerodynamic effects, aerodynamic forces, anatomy, angle of flap, basic flight parameters, bat flight, bats, bones, brown researchers, design, downstroke, dynamics of flapping, elasticity of skin, energy, flapping amplitude, flapping frequency, flexibility, force transducer, function of ligaments, joseph bahlman, kenneth breuer, kinematic parameters, material properties, moving wing, real bats, robot mimics, robotic bat wing, sharon swartz, silicone elastomer, small aircraft, small flapping aircraft, super elastic skin, tendon like cables, us air force, wind tunnel, wing folding, wing movements

The strong, flapping flight of bats offers great possibilities for the design of small aircraft, among other applications. By building a robotic bat wing, Brown researchers have uncovered flight secrets of real bats: the function of ligaments, the elasticity of skin, the structural support of musculature, skeletal flexibility, upstroke, downstroke.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Researchers at Brown University have developed a robotic bat wing that is providing valuable new information about dynamics of flapping flight in real bats. (more…)

Folding Funnels Key to Biomimicry

By Guest PostNovember 9, 2012Scienceafm, archaea, array, atomic force microscopy, babak sanii, bacteria, berkeley lab, biomimicry, biomolecular nanomachines, bones, carolyn bertozzi, cell, collagen matrices, collagen monomers, concept, fabrication, folding funnel, free energy, function, humans, jim deyoreo, key, kinetic traps, luis comolli, mica surface, molecular foundry, molecule level, molecules, multiple proteins, nanoscale synthesis, Nature, ordered structure, organic scaffolds, properties, protein folding, protein structure, proteins, pseudohexagonal symmetry, s layer, self assemble, seong ho shin, sungwook chung, surface layer, teeth

Berkeley Lab Finding that Protein Folding Funnels Also Apply to Self-Assembly Should Benefit Biomimicry and Nanosynthesis

Proteins are able to self-assemble into a wide range of highly ordered structures that feature a diverse array of properties. Through biomimicry – technological innovation inspired by nature – humans hope to emulate proteins and produce our own version of self-assembling molecules. A key to accomplishing this is understanding how protein-folding – a process critical to the form and function of a protein – is extended from individual proteins to complex assemblies.

Researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have now shown that a concept widely accepted as describing the folding of a single individual protein is also applicable to the self-assembly of multiple proteins. Their findings provide important guidelines for future biomimicry efforts, particularly for device fabrication and nanoscale synthesis. (more…)

New Tool for CSI? Geographic Software Maps Distinctive Features inside Bones

By Guest PostOctober 1, 2012Scienceagricultural tool, amanda agnew, anthropology, arcgis, body size, bones, compression, crime statistics, cross section, david rose, disease, excavation site, flood model, foot bone, geographic, gis, human, human remains, information system, julie field, mapping software, metatarsal, microscope, ohio state, osteons, osteoporosis, pattern, sam stout, scientific criteria, sex, skeletal variation, spatial data, statistical measure, study, tension

COLUMBUS, Ohio – A common type of geographic mapping software offers a new way to study human remains.

In a recent issue of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, researchers describe how they used commercially available mapping software to identify features inside a human foot bone – a new way to study human skeletal variation. (more…)

Burtele Foot Indicates Lucy Not Alone

By Guest PostMarch 30, 2012Scienceafar region, africa, alan deino, australopithecus afarensis, beverly z saylor, bones, bruce m latimer, burtele foot, early hominins, eastern africa, ethiopia, evolutionary history, famous fossil, fossil, geologic time, kenyan version, kenyanthropus platyops, late pliocene, lucy, middle awash valley, miocene apes, modern humans, mulugeta alene, naomi e levin, tim white, woranso mille, yohannes haile selassie

*Discovery of partial foot skeleton could mean hominin species lived side by side*

A new fossil discovery from Eastern Africa called the Burtele foot indicates Australopithecus afarensis, an early relative of modern humans, may not have been the only hominin to walk the plains and woodlands of what is now the Afar region of Ethiopia some 3.4 million years ago.

Researchers openly have questioned whether Au. afarensis, the species to which the famous fossil “Lucy” belongs, was the only living hominin during the late Pliocene of Africa. Lucy’s bones provided evidence that she and perhaps other early hominins may have walked upright, but whether or not she was the sole hominin species in her particular geologic time scale has been the subject of much debate. (more…)

Making The Bones Speak

By Guest PostFebruary 21, 2012Scienceafrican skeleton, african sun, albania, ancient egypt, andrea clowes, angela soler, anthropologist, bones, british museum, carolyn hurst, cate bird, derek welsby, dietary habits, excavation, forensic scientist, fourth cataract, giltner hall, kailey shelton, lindsey jenny, margaret zywicki, merowe dam, michigan state university, middle ages, mis island, nile river, nubian bones, nubian remains, nubians, sex, skeletal collection, sudan, todd fenton, tracey tichnell, trauma, unexplored culture, yellow scorpion

EAST LANSING, Mich. — In a narrow, modest laboratory in Michigan State University’s Giltner Hall, students pore over African skeletons from the Middle Ages in an effort to make the bones speak.

Little is known about these Nubians, meaning the information collected by graduate and undergraduate students in MSU’s Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Program will help shed light on this unexplored culture. (more…)

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