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Breaking the Chain: ‘Molecular cap’ Blocks Processes that Lead to Alzheimer’s, HIV

By Guest PostJune 24, 2011Health, Sciencealzheimer disease, amino acids, amyloid diseases, amyloid fibers, biochemists, brain cells, california nanosystems institute, david baker, david eisenberg, disease, enzymes, fatal diseases, Germany, hiv infection, jan münch, jie liu, jorge barrio, lin jiang, lou gehrig, mad cow disease, meytal landau, microcrystallography, molecular inhibitors, onofrio zirafi, orange g, parkinson disease, proteins, semen derived enhancer of viral infection, sevi, sexual transmission of hiv, steric zippers, stuart sievers, synthetic amino acids, tau protein, treatments, united states, university of ulm, vqivyk

A new advance by UCLA biochemists has brought scientists one step closer to developing treatments that could delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease and prevent the sexual transmission of HIV.

The researchers report that they have designed molecular inhibitors that target specific proteins associated with Alzheimer’s disease and HIV to prevent them from forming amyloid fibers, the elongated chains of interlocking proteins that play a key role in more than two dozen degenerative and often fatal diseases. (more…)

Radar for Mars Gets Flight Tests at NASA Dryden

By Guest PostJune 22, 2011Sciencedesert, dryden flight research center, edwards, environmental conditions, fa 18 aircraft, florida, jet propulsion laboratory, kennedy space center, mars, mars landing radar software, mars radar, mars science laboratory mission, martian atmosphere, microbial life, NASA, nasa technology, pasadena, southern california

Southern California’s high desert has been a stand-in for Mars for NASA technology testing many times over the years. And so it is again, in a series of flights by an F/A-18 aircraft to test the landing radar for NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory mission.

The flight profile is designed to have the F/A-18 climb to 40,000 feet (about 12,000 meters). From there, it makes a series of subsonic, stair-step dives at angles of 40 to 90 degrees to simulate what the Mars radar will see while the spacecraft is on a parachute descending through the Martian atmosphere. The F/A-18 pulls out of each dive at 5,000 feet (about 1,500 meters. Data collected by these flights will be used to finesse the Mars landing radar software, to help ensure that it is calibrated as accurately as possible. (more…)

Putting a New Spin on Computing

By Guest PostJune 22, 2011Sciencea new breed of computing devices, certain magnetic moment, circuit, computing based on spintronics, digitize information, electric signals, electron charge, magnetic momentum or spin, magnetic north pole, magnetic south pole, microprocessors, nanoscale of tomorrow's microprocessors, peter stano, philippe jacquod, publication in physical review letters, spintronics harnesses, university of arizona

*Physicists at the UA have achieved a breakthrough toward the development of a new breed of computing devices that can process data using less power.

In a recent publication in Physical Review Letters, physicists at the University of Arizona propose a way to translate the elusive magnetic spin of electrons into easily measurable electric signals. The finding is a key step in the development of computing based on spintronics, which doesn’t rely on electron charge to digitize information.

Unlike conventional computing devices, which require electric charges to flow along a circuit, spintronics harnesses the magnetic properties of electrons rather than their electric charge to process and store information. (more…)

Pan-STARRS Telescope Spots New Distant Comet

By Guest PostJune 22, 2011Scienceastronomers, automated software, c 2011 l4 comets, canada france hawaii telescope, earth, haleakala, larry denneau, marco micheli, massachusetts, maui, mauna kea, mercury, mikael granvik, minor planet center cambridge, panstarrs, panstarrs 1 telescope, parabolic, potentially hazardous asteroids, richard wainscoat, robert jedicke, sensitive electronic detector, telescope images, tommy grav, university of hawaii at manoa

Astronomers at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa have discovered a new comet that they expect will be visible to the naked eye in early 2013.

Originally found by the Pan-STARRS 1 telescope on Haleakala, Maui, on the night of June 5-6, it was confirmed to be a comet by UH Mānoa astronomer Richard Wainscoat and graduate student Marco Micheli the following night using the Canada-France-Hawaiʻi Telescope on Mauna Kea. (more…)

New Zealand Mountain Named in Honor of Yale Astronomer

By Guest PostJune 21, 2011Sciencea mountain named after tinsley, aaron nicholson, american astronomical society, beatrice tinsley, fiordland, galaxy evolution, german astronomer johannes kepler, greatest woman scientist of the 20th century, james gunn, kepler mountains, mount tinsley, new zealand, new zealand geographic board, southern new zealand, southland times, star populations, the royal astronomical society of new zealand, tinsley mountains, world atlas, world leader in modern cosmology and one of the most creative and significant theoreticians in modern astronomy, yale astronomer beatrice tinsley, yale university

Acclaimed by her peers in the United States as “possibly the greatest woman scientist of the 20th century” and known in her native New Zealand as a “world leader in modern cosmology and one of the most creative and significant theoreticians in modern astronomy,” the late Yale astronomer Beatrice Tinsley has certainly earned a place in the annals of history.

Now she’s earned a place in the World Atlas as well. (more…)

A Green Ring Fit for a Superhero

By Guest PostJune 19, 2011Scienceastronomers, citizen scientist, constellation scorpius, diminutive guardians, emerald nebula, galactic plane, Galaxy, green ring of dust, infrared colors, infrared detectors, NASA, o stars, planet oa, public astronomy projects, rcw 120, spitzer, spitzer space telescope, superhero green lantern, the milky way project, ultraviolet light, zooniverse

This glowing emerald nebula seen by NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope is reminiscent of the glowing ring wielded by the superhero Green Lantern. In the comic books, the diminutive Guardians of the Planet “Oa” forged his power ring, but astronomers believe rings like this are actually sculpted by the powerful light of giant “O” stars. O stars are the most massive type of star known to exist.

Named RCW 120 by astronomers, this region of hot gas and glowing dust can be found in the murky clouds encircled by the tail of the constellation Scorpius. The green ring of dust is actually glowing in infrared colors that our eyes cannot see, but show up brightly when viewed by Spitzer’s infrared detectors. At the center of this ring are a couple of giant stars whose intense ultraviolet light carved out the bubble, though they blend in with the other stars when viewed in infrared. (more…)

Where Have All the Flowers Gone?

By Guest PostJune 18, 2011Nature, Scienceabraham miller rushing, animal pollinated plants, bees, bumblebees, climate change, colorado mountain meadows, david inouye, davis, elk mountains of colorado, flower species, george aldridge, high mountain wildflower season, hummingbirds, jessica forrest, national science foundation, nectar, petals, pollen, pollinators, rocky mountain biological laboratory, rocky mountains, sub alpine meadows, summer wildflower, tucson, university of california, university of maryland, usa national phenology network, wildflowers, william barr

*High-mountain wildflower season reduced, affecting pollinators like bees, hummingbirds*

It’s summer wildflower season in the Rocky Mountains, a time when high-peaks meadows are dotted with riotous color.

But for how long?

Once, wildflower season in montane meadow ecosystems extended throughout the summer months. But now scientists have found a fall-off in wildflowers at mid-season. (more…)

Searching for the “Perfect Glass”

By Guest PostJune 18, 2011Sciencealuminum, atmospheric pressure, atomic structures, atoms, carnegie, cerium, cerium aluminum glass, crystals, favorablesystem, geophysical laboratory, gigapascals of pressure, glasses, ho kwang mao, metallic glass, minerals, silica, zeolite

Washington, D.C.— Glasses differ from crystals. Crystals are organized in repeating patterns that extend in every direction. Glasses lack this strict organization, but do sometimes demonstrate order among neighboring atoms. New research from Carnegie’s Geophysical Laboratory reveals the possibility of creating a metallic glass that is organized on a larger scale. Their results are published June 17 in Science.

Scientists have discovered glasses that demonstrate order among the nearest neighboring atoms, called short-range order, and a slightly wider range of atoms, called medium-range order. Most research about finding or creating a glass with a long-range, nearly crystalline, level of order—referred to as the perfect glass state—has been conducted on ice and the minerals silica and zeolite. But no research into long-range order glass has been successful until now. (more…)

Category Archives: Science

*Physicists at the UA have achieved a breakthrough toward the development of a new breed of computing devices that can process data using less power.