Brain cancer researcher travels to Oslo for dissertation defense
As winter weather hit Newark, Del., on Sunday, Dec. 8, a University of Delaware brain cancer researcher escaped the storm by traveling to Oslo, Norway, of all places.
The Norwegian capital also received its first snow of the season that day, but it only accumulated to about three inches, according to Deni Galileo, associate professor of biological sciences at UD. He traveled to Oslo to take part in the Ph.D. defense of Mrinal Joel, a University of Oslo doctoral student who, like Galileo, is working on the most lethal type of brain cancer, Glioblastoma multiforme. (more…)
ANN ARBOR — University of Michigan astronomers could be the first to witness a rare collision expected to happen at the center of the galaxy by spring.
With NASA’s orbiting Swift telescope, the U-M team is taking daily images of a mysterious gas cloud about three times the mass of Earth that’s spiraling toward the supermassive black hole at the Milky Way’s core. From our vantage point, the core lies more than 25,000 light years away in the southern summer sky near the constellations Sagittarius and Scorpius. (more…)
Light-gathering macromolecules in plant cells transfer energy by taking advantage of molecular vibrations whose physical descriptions have no equivalents in classical physics, according to the first unambiguous theoretical evidence of quantum effects in photosynthesis published today in the journal Nature Communications.
The majority of light-gathering macromolecules are composed of chromophores (responsible for the colour of molecules) attached to proteins, which carry out the first step of photosynthesis, capturing sunlight and transferring the associated energy highly efficiently. Previous experiments suggest that energy is transferred in a wave-like manner, exploiting quantum phenomena, but crucially, a non-classical explanation could not be conclusively proved as the phenomena identified could equally be described using classical physics. (more…)
ANN ARBOR — Like salmon in reverse, long-snouted Bandringa sharks migrated downstream from freshwater swamps to a tropical coastline to spawn 310 million years ago, leaving behind fossil evidence of one of the earliest known shark nurseries.
That’s the surprising conclusion of University of Michigan paleontologist Lauren Sallan and a University of Chicago colleague, who reanalyzed all known specimens of Bandringa, a bottom-feeding predator that lived in an ancient river delta system that spanned what is today the Upper Midwest. (more…)
Sie sind in Tirol allgegenwärtig und prägen nicht nur das Landschaftsbild der Alpen: Bergstürze als weit verbreitetes Phänomen in Gebirgsregionen werden an der Fakultät für Geo- und Atmosphärenwissenschaften unter der Leitung von Prof. Bernhard Fügenschuh seit Jahren hinsichtlich ihrer klimatischen Auswirkungen und geologischen Eigenschaften untersucht.
Das kleine im Schweizer Kanton Glarus gelegene Bergdorf Elm wurde am 11. September 1881 zum Schauplatz einer tragischen Naturkatastrophe. An einem Berghang lösten sich geschätzte 10 Millionen Kubikmeter Fels und rasten ähnlich einer Lawine mehrere Kilometer talwärts. Beinahe das ganze Dorf wurde zerstört, 115 Menschen starben. Der angesehene Schweizer Geologe Albert Heim reiste an den Ort des Geschehens, dokumentierte die Katastrophe und suchte nach Erklärungen. Wie konnten derartige Gesteinsmassen innerhalb kürzester Zeit Distanzen von mehreren Kilometern überwinden? „Dieser erste Versuch einer Analyse kann als Geburtsstunde der Bergsturz-Forschung angesehen werden“, sagt Diethard Sanders, Leiter des Instituts für Geologie der Uni Innsbruck. Die Untersuchung von Bergstürzen avancierte seit Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts somit zu einer eigenen Forschungsdisziplin. Der Geologe arbeitet gemeinsam mit Dr. Christoph Prager von der alpS GmbH (gegründet als Zentrum für Naturgefahren Management Innsbruck) intensiv an der Erforschung von Bergstürzen. Eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit dieser Thematik hat für die Wissenschaftler gesamtgesellschaftliche Relevanz: „Es ist uns ein großes Anliegen, dass gerade in von Gebirgen geprägten Gebieten wie Tirol ein besseres Verständnis von Bergstürzen, die zu großen Katastrophen führen können, angestrebt wird“, sind sich Sanders und Prager einig. (more…)
Swirling, stormy clouds may be ever-present on cool celestial orbs called brown dwarfs. New observations from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope suggest that most brown dwarfs are roiling with one or more planet-size storms akin to Jupiter’s “Great Red Spot.”
“As the brown dwarfs spin on their axis, the alternation of what we think are cloud-free and cloudy regions produces a periodic brightness variation that we can observe,” said Stanimir Metchev of the University of Western Ontario, Canada. “These are signs of patchiness in the cloud cover.” (more…)
More than three-quarters of the planet candidates discovered by NASA’s Kepler spacecraft have sizes ranging from that of Earth to that of Neptune, which is nearly four times as big as Earth. Such planets dominate the galactic census but are not represented in our own solar system. Astronomers don’t know how they form or if they are made of rock, water or gas.
The Kepler team today reports on four years of ground-based follow-up observations targeting Kepler’s exoplanet systems at the American Astronomical Society meeting in Washington. These observations confirm the numerous Kepler discoveries are indeed planets and yield mass measurements of these enigmatic worlds that vary between Earth and Neptune in size. (more…)
