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Scientists “Burst” Supercomputing Record with Bubble Collapse Simulation; Could Lead to Advances in Healthcare and Industrial Technology

By Guest PostNovember 18, 2013Technologyalessandro curioni, bubble collapse simulation, burst, cloud cavitation collapse, complex phenomena, engineering problems, eth zurich, fastest supercomputer, finite volume method, gordon bell prize, healthcare, ibm, ibm bluegene q, industrial technology, laboratory, llnl, petros koumoutsakos, scientist, sequoia, supercomputing record, swiss university, ultra scalable code, world

– 15,000 bubbles are simulated using IBM BlueGene/Q “Sequoia” at 14.4 Petaflop of sustained performance, a 150-fold improvement over current state-of-the-art
– Destructive capabilities of collapsing bubbles are increasingly being studied in areas ranging from treating kidney stones and cancer to high pressure fuel injectors
– Research team named as a Finalist for the 2013 Gordon Bell Prize (more…)

Edited RNA + invasive DNA add individuality

By Guest PostNovember 18, 2013Scienceadar, adar hamstrug flies, aicardi goutieres syndrome, brown university, chromatin, edited rna, enzyme, genetic oddity, genome, hoppel transposons, humans, invasive dna, james jepson, rachel whitaker, red color gene, rna in humans, transposons, yiannis savva, yoah jen chang

A study in Nature Communications finds that an enzyme that edits RNA may loosen the genome’s control over invasive snippets of DNA that affect how genes are expressed. In fruit flies, that newly understood mechanism appears to contribute to differences among individuals such as eye color and life span.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — The story of why we are all so different goes well beyond the endless mixing and matching of DNA through breeding. A new study in the journal Nature Communications, for instance, reports a new molecular mechanism of individual variation found in fruit flies that uses components operating in a wide variety of species, including humans. (more…)

Could a Milky Way Supernova Be Visible from Earth in Next 50 Years?

By Guest PostNovember 17, 2013Scienceamerican neutrino expert, astronomer, christopher kochanek, computer model, detectors for neutrinos, egads, element gadolinium, galactic supernova, Galaxy, gravitational waves, infrared radiation, Japan, john beacom, mark vagins, milky way supernova, nuclear reactors, ohio state university, ohioans, scott adams, super k, super kamiokande, ultra pure water, visible from earth

Advances in cameras, new strategies for detection make it possible

COLUMBUS, Ohio — Astronomers at The Ohio State University have calculated the odds that, sometime during the next 50 years, a supernova occurring in our home galaxy will be visible from Earth.

The good news: they’ve calculated the odds to be nearly 100 percent that such a supernova would be visible to telescopes in the form of infrared radiation. (more…)

Less Toxic Metabolites, More Chemical Product

By Guest PostNovember 17, 2013Scienceamorphadiene, antimalarial drug artemisinin, berkeley lab, biomass, chemical product, e coli, energy crops, environmental condition, escherichia coli, fuzhong zhang, jay keasling, jbei, lignin, metabolite regulatory system, microbial growth, mrna stability, nature biotechnology, renewable fuels, ribosome binding, robert dahl, toxic metabolites

The first dynamic regulatory system that prevents the build-up of toxic metabolites in engineered microbes has been reported by a team of researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Joint BioEnergy Institute (JBEI). The JBEI researchers used their system to double the production in Escherichia coli (E. coli) of amorphadiene, a precursor to the premier antimalarial drug artemisinin.

Using genome-wide transcriptional analysis, the JBEI researchers identified native regions of DNA – called “promoters” – in E. coli that respond to toxic metabolites by promoting the expression of protective genes. They then developed a system based on these promoters for regulating artificial metabolic pathways engineered into the E.coli to enable the bacterium to produce amorphadiene. (more…)

Zähne im Schredder

By Guest PostNovember 17, 2013Natureafrika, al schabab milizen, amerikanischen schmuggelbestaende, China, dollar, einkommensquelle, elfenbein, elfenbeinprodukte, kampf gegen elefantenwilderei, kongo, lords resistance army, luxusobjekt, nashorn, philippinen, somalia, suedsudan, Thailand, tigerteile, us zoll, usa, Vietnam, volker homes, weisses gold, wilderei, wwf deutschland, zaehne im schredder

WWF begrüßt starkes Zeichen der USA im Kampf gegen Elefantenwilderei

Im Kampf gegen die Elefantenwilderei in Afrika setzen die USA ein starkes Zeichen. Gestern Abend sind sechs Tonnen vom US-Zoll beschlagnahmter Elfenbeinprodukte vernichtet worden. Der WWF begrüßt diese Aktion gegen den illegalen Elfenbeinhandel aufgrund seiner symbolische Wirkung: „Die Wildereikrise in Afrika verschärft sich immer mehr. Etwa jede Viertelstunde wird ein Elefant für sein Elfenbein getötet. Nur wenn wir die Absatzmärkte schließen und die Nachfrage eindämmen, wird die Wilderei aufhören, “ sagte Volker Homes, Leiter Artenschutz beim WWF Deutschland. (more…)

Personal reflection triggers increased brain activity during depressive episode

By Guest PostNovember 17, 2013Healthanxiety, brain imaging technology, british queen, depression, depressive episode, fmri, frontal cortex, increased brain activity, laura parkes, may sarsam, neuroimaging, personal reflection, peter kinderman, psychological theory, university of liverpool, university of manchester

Research by the Universities of Liverpool and Manchester has found that people experiencing depressive episodes display increased brain activity when they think about themselves.

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain imaging technologies, scientists found that people experiencing a depressive episode process information about themselves in the brain differently to people who are not depressed.

Researchers scanned the brains of people in major depressive episodes and those that weren’t whilst they chose positive, negative and neutral adjectives to describe either themselves or the British Queen – a figure significantly removed from their daily lives but one that all participants were familiar with. (more…)

Study: Catholic schools not superior to public schools

By Guest PostNovember 17, 2013Educationcatholic primary schooling, catholic schools, catholic students, journal, michigan state university, public schools, socioeconomic status, todd elder, united states, urban economics

A national study led by a Michigan State University economist suggests Catholic schools are not superior to public schools after all.

Math scores for Catholic students dropped between kindergarten and eighth grade, while math scores for public school students increased slightly. In addition, Catholic students saw no significant increase in reading scores or better behavioral outcomes between kindergarten and eighth grade. (more…)

Dogs likely originated in Europe more than 18,000 years ago, UCLA biologists report

By Guest PostNovember 16, 2013Nature, Scienceancient dog fossil, ancient hunter, carnivore, co evolutionary process, coyotes, daniel greenfield, dog, dog like animals, dogs from europe, domestic dogs, druid peak, east asia, Europe, european hunter, european wolves, evolutionary biology, finland, fossil, genetic analysis, genetic data, illinois, klaus koepfli, koster archaeological site, late pleistocene, middle east, middle east origin, migration, mitochondrial dna, modern dogs, North America, olaf thalmann, old world, origin, proximity to humans, robert wayne, species, two wolves, ucla biologist, university of turku, western russia, wolf like animals, yellowstone national park

Wolves likely were domesticated by European hunter–gatherers more than 18,000 years ago and gradually evolved into dogs that became household pets, UCLA life scientists report.

“We found that instead of recent wolves being closest to domestic dogs, ancient European wolves were directly related to them,” said Robert Wayne, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology in UCLA’s College of Letters and Science and senior author of the research. “This brings the genetic record into agreement with the archaeological record. Europe is where the oldest dogs are found.” (more…)

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