ecology – Shamskm: A site to exchange knowledge and solutions

Africa’s poison ‘apple’ provides common ground for saving elephants, raising livestock

By Guest PostJuly 31, 2014Nature, Scienceafrica, brain diseases, creme aus elefantenhaut, david wilcove, death, ecology, eggplant, elephants, emphysema, fabian langer, gewilderter elefant, gift darts, head injuries, holy grail, katharina trump, Kenya, lightwave computers, livestock, mackillo kira, mathematical biologist, model, paul elsen, pneumonia, princeton university, semiconductor crystal, semiconductor gallium selenide, ultrashort light pulses, xia yang

While African wildlife often run afoul of ranchers and pastoralists securing food and water resources for their animals, the interests of fauna and farmer might finally be unified by the “Sodom apple,” a toxic invasive plant that has overrun vast swaths of East African savanna and pastureland.

Should the ominous reference to the smitten biblical city be unclear, the Sodom apple, or Solanum campylacanthum, is a wicked plant. Not a true apple, this relative of the eggplant smothers native grasses with its thorny stalks, while its striking yellow fruit provides a deadly temptation to sheep and cattle. (more…)

Temperature and ecology: In Chile, rival barnacles keep competition cool

By Guest PostMarch 6, 2014Environmentbrown university, Chile, chilean barnacles, chthamalus fragilis, ecim, ecology, emily lamb, gray barnacle, heather leslie, jenna shinen, mediating factor, rival barnacles, rock barnacle, semibalanus balanoides, temperature

A lot of research shows that temperature can strongly influence species interactions and sometimes shape the appearance and functioning of biological communities. That’s why a newly published finding that changes in temperature did not alter the competitive balance of power between two rival species of Chilean barnacles is an ecological surprise.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Here are two facts that make the lowly barnacle important: They are popular models for ecology research, and they are very sensitive to temperature. Given that, the authors of a new study about a bellwether community of two barnacle species in Chile figured they might see clear effects on competition between these two species if they experimentally changed temperature. In the context of climate change, such an experiment could yield profound new insights into the biological future of a major coastline that is prized for its ecological, aesthetic, and economic values. (more…)

Seasonal awareness a traditional way of life

By Guest PostFebruary 8, 2014Cultureannual cycle, Britain, candlemas eve, church, ecology, english rural traditions, februus, latin februa, pagan god, professor nick groom, seasonal awareness, traditional, underworld, university of exeter, way of life

A celebration of the traditional connections between human lives, the seasons and the natural world form the basis of a new book by University of Exeter academic, Professor Nick Groom.

The book, called ‘The Seasons: An Elegy for the Passing of the Year’, is an urgent plea for English rural traditions not to be forgotten, and investigates not only how society is becoming cut off from the rhythms of the natural world, but also the ways in which the annual cycle has been celebrated for centuries. (more…)

Scientists reveal why life got big in the Earth’s early oceans

By Guest PostJanuary 24, 2014Nature, Scienceangeomorphs, cambrian explosion, canada, canopy flow models, complex life, david gold, david jacobs, david johnston, early ocean, earth, ecology, evolutionary biology, fossil community, fossil record, foundations, guy narbonne, harvard, large life forms, life, marc laflamme, matthew clapham, MIT, modeling technique, multicellular eukaryotes, multicellular organism, newfoundland, nutrient carrying, nutrient uptake, nutrients from seawater, ocean flow, queens university, roger summons, uc santa cruz, ucla biologist, university of toronto, variety of scale

Why did life forms first begin to get larger and what advantage did this increase in size provide? UCLA biologists working with an international team of scientists examined the earliest communities of large multicellular organisms in the fossil record to help answer this question. (more…)

Biologists find an evolutionary Facebook for monkeys and apes

By Guest PostDecember 2, 2013Nature, Scienceangolan talapoin monkey, anthropology, apes, asian primate species, biologist, canopy density, central, cercopithecus cephus, chimpanzees, common chimpanzee, complex facial patterns, ecology, environmental variables, equator, evolutionary detectives, evolutionary facebook, Facebook, facial diversity, facial pigmentation, facial vocabulary, fission fusion societies, geographic location, hamadryas baboons, human skin pigmentation, identification, intra species level, iucn, javan langur, jessica lynch alfaro, macaca arctoides, mandrill, mandrillus sphinx, michael alfaro, miopithecus talapoin, monkey, moustached guenon, nasalis larvatus, nomascus leucogenys, northern, old world african, orangutans, pan troglodytes, piliocolobus tephrosceles, predictor, primate faces, primate radiations, primate specialist group, proboscis monkey, rainfall, rhinopithecus avunculus, sharlene santana, snub nosed monkey, social group, south america, ssc, stephen d nash, stump tailed macaque, temperature, tonkin, trachypithecus auratus, ucla biologists, ugandan red colobus, white cheeked gibbon

Why do the faces of some primates contain so many different colors — black, blue, red, orange and white — that are mixed in all kinds of combinations and often striking patterns while other primate faces are quite plain?

UCLA biologists reported last year on the evolution of 129 primate faces in species from Central and South America. This research team now reports on the faces of 139 Old World African and Asian primate species that have been diversifying over some 25 million years. (more…)

UCLA life scientists present new insights on climate change and species interactions

By Guest PostJune 11, 2013Environmentanthony dell, biotraits database, climate change, cold blooded animals, consumer, coral reefs, ecology, ecosystems, feeding event, feeding relationship, flowering in plants, fluctuation, Germany, global increase, global warming, immobile prey, interactions, juvenile possum, knowledge, life scientists, massive dataset, mean temperature, metabolic rate, mobile prey, moving prey, natural ecosystems, policymakers, predator, prey, python, rainforests, rate, resource, rising temperatures, samraat pawar, species, species interactions, timing, ucla, university of chicago, university of gottingen, van savage, variability in temperature

UCLA life scientists provide important new details on how climate change will affect interactions between species in research published online May 21 in the Journal of Animal Ecology. This knowledge, they say, is critical to making accurate predictions and informing policymakers of how species are likely to be impacted by rising temperatures.

“There is a growing recognition among biologists that climate change is affecting how species interact with one another, and that this is going to have very important consequences for the stability and functioning of ecosystems,” said the senior author of the research, Van Savage, an assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology and of biomathematics at UCLA. “However, there is still a very limited understanding of exactly what these changes will be. Our paper makes progress on this very important question.” (more…)

Where Does Charcoal, or Black Carbon, in Soils Go?

By Guest PostMay 2, 2013Environmentbiochar technology, black carbon, bonanza creek, carbon cycle, carbon sequestration, charcoal, climate change, ecology, environmental factors, environmental fate, everglades, fate of charcoal, florida international university, georgia coastal ecosystems, german, Germany, global carbon budget, global scale, hubbard brook, konza prairie, marine geochemistry, max planck society, national science foundation, organic carbon, rudolf jaffe, saran twombly, soils, thorsten dittmar, university oldenburg, yan ding

Scientists find surprising new answers in wetlands such as the Everglades

Scientists have uncovered one of nature’s long-kept secrets–the true fate of charcoal in the world’s soils.

The ability to determine the fate of charcoal is critical to knowledge of the global carbon budget, which in turn can help understand and mitigate climate change.

However, until now, researchers only had scientific guesses about what happens to charcoal once it’s incorporated into soil. They believed it stayed there.

Surprisingly, most of these researchers were wrong. (more…)

Mending the Minnesota

By Guest PostMarch 16, 2013Environmentbasin, behavior, catastrophic flood, clean water, climate change, data, earth surface dynamics, ecology, efi foufoula georgiou, evolution, glacial deposits, jacques finlay, mending the minnesota, minnesota river, riverine systems, surface water runoff, thresholds, university of minnesota, utah state university, watershed, wsc

A study of its basin paves the way for cleaner water everywhere

The Minnesota River’s usually placid surface belies its status as a river —and a watershed—in need of help.

The river is naturally prone to heavy sediment loads. It runs through rich glacial deposits, in a channel carved by a catastrophic flood at the end of the last ice age, when a large lake formed by glacial meltwater gave way. (more…)

Tag Archives: ecology