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Mystery of 1918 Pandemic Flu Virus Solved by UA Researchers

By Guest PostMay 3, 2014Health, Science1918, algorithmus, bacterial infections, Economy, embryo development, fertilization treatment, financial products, genetic mutations, green products, kechun zhang, mario krenn, matthew sieber, melvin, michael worobey, mitochondrial activity, mystery, pneumonia, polycystic ovary syndrome, researcher, spandex, synthetic biopathway, tca cycle, ua researchers, university of arizona, world war

University of Arizona researcher Michael Worobey and his team have discovered that the key to understanding influenza pandemics may lie in flu exposure during childhood.

Just as the world was recovering from the devastation of World War I, another killer swept across the globe. A deadly flu virus attacked more than one-third of the world’s population, and within months had killed more than 50 million people – three times as many as the war – and had done it more quickly than any other illness in recorded history. (more…)

Number of Dead California Sea Otters Recovered in 2011 a Record High

By Guest PostFebruary 25, 2012Natureattacks by sharks, bacterial infections, boat strikes, brian hatfield, california, california coast, california sea otter, carcharodon carcharias, cayucos, enhydra lutris nereis, extinction, gun shot wounds, harmful algal toxins, heart disease, infectious diseases, lilian carswell, marcia mcnutt, michael harris, monterey bay aquarium, population growth, population mortality, sea lions, sea otter, seals, shark bites, southern sea otter, strandings, tim tinker, tooth fragments, u s geological survey, white sharks

*Evidence Builds for White Shark Factor in Otter Mortality*

SANTA CRUZ, Calif. — The California or southern sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) appears to be experiencing an unprecedented increase in mortality from attacks by sharks, according to federal and state scientists.

Since 1968, biologists and veterinarians at the U.S. Geological Survey and California Department of Fish and Game have documented and examined all reported sea otter “strandings” — counting the number of dead, sick or injured sea otters recovered along California’s coast each year. (more…)

New Study Finds That Even the Cleanest Wastewater Contains ‘Super Bacteria’

By Guest PostNovember 27, 2011Environmentantibiotic resistance genes, antibiotic resistant bacteria, antibiotic use in agriculture, antibiotics, bacterial infections, david tan, duluth, duluth superior harbor, environmental microbiology, global ecology, industrial wastewater discharge, jessica eichmiller, lake superior, mi yan, municipal wastewater, municipal wastewater treatment facility, northeastern minnesota, patrick mcnamara, st louis river, superbacteria, surface waters, timothy lapara, treated municipal wastewater, treatment facility in duluth, tucker burch, university of minnesota

*University of Minnesota research suggests that wastewater treated with standard technologies contains far greater quantities*

MINNEAPOLIS / ST. PAUL — A new University of Minnesota study reveals that the release of treated municipal wastewater – even wastewater treated by the highest-quality treatment technology – can have a significant effect on the quantities of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, often referred to as “superbacteria,” in surface waters.

The study also suggests that wastewater treated using standard technologies probably contains far greater quantities of antibiotic-resistant genes, but this likely goes unnoticed because background levels of bacteria are normally much higher than in the water studied in this research. (more…)

Scientists Develop Technology Revolutionizing Single-Cell Studies

By Guest PostOctober 28, 2011Sciencearchaea, bacteria in the human body, bacterial infections, bacterial pathogenesis, deep sea, global gene expression, j craig venter institute, laser tweezers system, microarrays, microbial cells lacking a nucleus, novel technology, prokaryotes, rna seq, rna sequencing, single bacterium, single cell transcriptomics, snyder hall laboratory, stuart p donachie, tung t hoang, university of hawaii at manoa, yun kang

Researchers at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, in collaboration with scientists at the J. Craig Venter Institute, have made a significant breakthrough in developing a novel technology to investigate global gene-expression in a single bacterium. The team, led by Associate Professors Tung T. Hoang and Stuart P. Donachie, recently published a paper describing the technology in Genome Research (21:925-935), a premier international genome journal. UH Mānoa postdoctoral researcher Dr. Yun Kang, who performed this research in a Snyder Hall laboratory, contributed significantly and worked diligently to overcome the numerous technical challenges presented. (more…)

Replacing the Blue Bloods

By Guest PostMay 24, 2011Sciencebacterial endotoxin, bacterial infections, biological nature, endotoxin, endotoxin contamination, horseshoe crabs, lal, limulus amoebocyte lysate, liquid crystals, mary galvin, national science foundation, nick abbott, non lethal method, ordering, poisons, university of wisconsin

*Liquid crystal droplets could replace horseshoe crab blood in common endotoxin test*

The Food and Drug Administration requires every drug they certify to be tested for certain poisons that damage patient health. The current gold standard for this is the limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay that involves using the blood of horseshoe crabs, which strangely enough is blue, to test for endotoxin, a substance commonly associated with many symptoms caused by bacterial infections.

But researchers at the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have found what may be a more effective way to test for endotoxin that involves liquid crystals, the same material used to make some flat screen computer monitors and televisions. (more…)

Yale Researchers Identify Four Key Weapons in Immune System’s Arsenal

By Guest PostMay 7, 2011Health4 key weapons, bacterial infections, deliver antimicrobial enzymes, food-borne bacteria, gastrointestinal illness, gtpases, hepatitis c, immune-compromised, interferon therapy, john d. macmicking, macrophage, marshal immune system, microbial pathogenesis, mimic, noxious chemicals, pathogens, pulmonary diseases, tuberculosis, variety of pathogens, winchester fund and cancer research institute, yale university

Yale University researchers have identified four unique host defense proteins among thousands that seem to play a crucial role in mobilizing the immune system’s response to bacterial infections, they report in the May 6 issue of the journal Science.

The findings suggest it may be possible to find new ways to assist immune-compromised patients to fight off a variety of pathogens, the authors say.

“We can start to think about how to mimic these chemical processes and deliver them in drug form,” said John D. MacMicking, associate professor of microbial pathogenesis at Yale School of Medicine and senior author the study. (more…)

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