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Quantenchaos in ultrakalten Gasen entdeckt

By Guest PostMarch 14, 2014Sciencealbert frisch, atome, bohigas, chaotisches verhalten, das erbium team, erc, experimentalphysik, giannoni, institut, kiyotaka aikawa, michael mark, neutronen, oriol bohigas, physikerin francesca ferlaino, quantenchaos, quantenchaos forschung, random matrix theory, schmit, simon baier, start, universitaet innsbruck, vermutung, zufallsmatrixtheorie

Auch einfache Systeme wie neutrale Atome können chaotisches Verhalten zeigen. Das hat ein Team um Physikerin Francesca Ferlaino mit Hilfe der Quantenmechanik entdeckt. Die in der Fachzeitschrift Nature veröffentlichte, bahnbrechende Forschungsarbeit eröffnet neue Wege, die Wechselwirkung von Quantenteilchen zu betrachten.

Ein Team um START- und ERC-Preisträgerin Francesca Ferlaino vom Institut für Experimentalphysik der Universität Innsbruck hat erstmals den experimentellen Nachweis für chaotisches Verhalten von Teilchen in Quantengasen erbracht. „Wir sehen zum ersten Mal Quantenchaos im Streuverhalten ultrakalter Atome“, freut sich Ferlaino. Die Physiker haben dieses Ergebnis unter Zuhilfenahme der Zufallsmatrixtheorie (engl.: Random Matrix Theory) nachgewiesen und belegen damit den universellen Charakter dieser statistischen Theorie, welche in den 1950er-Jahren von Nobelpreisträger Eugene Wigner zur Beschreibung von komplexen Systemen formuliert worden war. Obwohl die Wechselwirkung von Neutronen mit Atomkernen damals noch nicht genau bekannt war, konnte Wigner durch die Verwendung von Zufallsmatrizen zuverlässige Aussagen zu den Eigenschaften des komplexen Spektrums treffen. Diese sogenannte Zufallsmatrixtheorie findet heute in der Physik breite Anwendung, aber auch in der Zahlentheorie, der drahtlosen Nachrichtentechnik oder im Finanzmarktmanagement, um nur einige Bereiche zu nennen. In der Bohigas-Giannoni-Schmit-Vermutung wurde die Zufallsmatrixtheorie auch mit chaotischem Verhalten in quantenmechanischen Systemen in Verbindung gebracht. Der im Vorjahr verstorbene katalanische Physiker Oriol Bohigas gilt als Vater dieser Quantenchaos-Forschung. (more…)

Obama on NSA, Russia and others (Press Conference, 9 August 2013)

By Guest PostAugust 10, 2013Politicsamerican leadership, anti american, cold war, edward snowden, fisc, g20, human rights, members of congress, nsa, Obama, olympics, others, patriot act, press conference, russia, russian cooperation, soviet union, start, syria, the white house, united states, us russian relationship, vladimir putin

The White House

Office of the Press Secretary

THE PRESIDENT: Good afternoon, everybody. Please have a seat.

Over the past few weeks, I’ve been talking about what I believe should be our number-one priority as a country — building a better bargain for the middle class and for Americans who want to work their way into the middle class. At the same time, I’m focused on my number-one responsibility as Commander-in-Chief, and that’s keeping the American people safe. And in recent days, we’ve been reminded once again about the threats to our nation.

As I said at the National Defense University back in May, in meeting those threats we have to strike the right balance between protecting our security and preserving our freedoms. And as part of this rebalancing, I called for a review of our surveillance programs. Unfortunately, rather than an orderly and lawful process to debate these issues and come up with appropriate reforms, repeated leaks of classified information have initiated the debate in a very passionate, but not always fully informed way. (more…)

Terrorism and the Olympics By-the-Numbers: Analysis from UMD-based START

By Guest PostJuly 27, 2012Politicsatlanta, Beijing, erin miller, Europe, global terrorism database, gtd, munich, olympic games, olympics, potential threat, public transportation, qaida, secret organization, start, suicide bombings, terrorism, umd, university of maryland

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – History offers a warning, but no clear pattern on the true risk of terrorism at the Olympic Games, concludes a new report by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) based at the University of Maryland.

The Olympic Games have been terror targets on three separate occasions since 1970, claiming 22 lives and wounding more than 100, the report says. It compiles and analyzes data from START’s comprehensive Global Terrorism Database (GTD).

“The heightened profile of these events might increase the likelihood of a terrorist attack while the heightened security and surveillance might decrease the likelihood of an attack,” explains START researchers and report co-author Erin Miller. (more…)

Five U.S. Urban Counties Lead ‘Terror Hot Spots’ List, but Rural Areas Not Exempt: Research

By Guest PostJanuary 31, 2012General, Politicsarizona, bianca bersani, domestic actors, extreme right wing, gary lafree, homeland security, hot spots, left wing terrorism, los angeles, lubbock county, manhattan, maricopa, massachusetts, metropolitan, miami dade county, nebraska, new york, perpetrator, profile, radical environmental groups, religious, rural areas, san francisco, start, terrorism, terrorist attack, texas, university of maryland, us counties, Washington

*N.Y., L.A., Miami, San Francisco, D.C. Top List; Maricopa, Ariz. Rising*

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – Nearly a third of all terrorist attacks from 1970 to 2008 occurred in just five metropolitan U.S. counties, but events continue to occur in rural areas, spurred on by domestic actors, according to a report published today by researchers in the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), a Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Center of Excellence based at the University of Maryland.

The research was conducted at Maryland and the University of Massachusetts-Boston. (more…)

Growing U.S. Violent Extremism – Facts on the Ground: UMD Database

By Guest PostDecember 11, 2011General, Politicsal qaida, anti abortion extremists, aqap, arabian peninsula, attacks, blueprint, community resilience, earth liberation front, elf, environmental extremists, financial schemes, foiled terrorist plots, ft hood, gary lafree, global war on terrorism, homegrown terrorists, islamist extremists, janet napolitano, lone wolf, North America, plots, political spectrum, radicalization, start, statistics, tehrik i taliban pakistan, terrorism database, terrorist attacks, texas, ttp, united states, university of maryland, violent extremism, White House, white supremacists, work of extremists

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – Over the past decade, attacks and plots by homegrown terrorists in the United States have increased, the work of extremists from across the political spectrum – roughly 40 percent of it by so-called ‘lone wolf,’ non-aligned actors – says an analysis by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START) based at the University of Maryland.

The statistics underscore the threat addressed in a White House plan released Thursday: Strategic Implementation Plan for Empowering Local Partners to Prevent Violent Extremism in the United States – a blueprint for “building community resilience against violent extremism.” (more…)

Bin Laden’s Attacks Among the Most Lethal: UMD Study

By Guest PostMay 2, 20111 commentGeneral, Politicsal qaida, gary lafree, gtd, karl rethemeyer, lethal terrorist organization, osama bin laden, qaida global terrorism database, start, terrorist attacks, terrorist organization, university of maryland, us department of homeland security, victor asal

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – Under Osama bin Laden’s leadership, al Qa’ida has been one of the most lethal terrorist organization in the world, responsible for more than 10,000 deaths and injuries in a dozen years – finds a new analysis by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism at the University of Maryland (START).

“Al-Qa’ida, the terrorist organization Osama bin Laden founded, was responsible for fomenting more mass casualty attacks than any other group in recent history,” says START Director Gary LaFree, a University of Maryland professor responsible for assembling the world’s most comprehensive unclassified terrorism database. (more…)

IBM Announces Eight Universities Contributing to the Watson Computing System’s Development

By Guest PostFebruary 11, 2011Technologyarchitecture, boris katz, bruce porter, computational methods, david ferrucci, eric nyberg, ibm, jeopardy, ken barker, massachusetts institute of technology, MIT, oaqa, open advancement of question answering initiative, qa technology, question answering, start, watson computing system, watson project team

ARMONK, N.Y. – 11 Feb 2011: IBM today announced that eight universities are collaborating with IBM Researchers to advance the Question Answering (QA) technology behind the “Watson” computing system, which will compete against humans on the quiz show, Jeopardy!, airing February 14-16.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), University of Texas at Austin, University of Southern California (USC), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), University at Albany (UAlbany), University of Trento (Italy), and University of Massachusetts Amherst join Carnegie Mellon University in working with IBM on the development of a first-of-its-kind open architecture that enables researchers to efficiently collaborate on underlying QA capabilities and then apply them to IBM’s Watson system. (more…)

‘Rise in New Terror Groups Globally, Fewer Coordinated Attacks’

By Guest PostJuly 9, 2010General, Politicsbali nightclub bombings, global terrorism database, gtd, ideological variation, london, madrid, metro stations, mumbai, national consortium, responses to terrorism, start, study of terrorism, university of maryland

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – The deadly, coordinated terror strikes in London five years ago – the 7/7 transit attacks – reflect emerging global trends, reports the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), based at the University of Maryland.

(more…)

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