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Heat of mantle sets height of mid-ocean ridges

By Guest PostApril 27, 2014Sciencealex rodriguez, brown university, chemistry, chris mills, earth crust, ende der sowjetunion, game developers, game troopers, hitcents, indian ocean, informelle maerkte, innospark, kleinhaendler, mid ocean ridges, ocean floor, secret sauce, seismic data, steve guggenheimer, steve sy kim, stickman users, susanne fehlings

By analyzing the speed of seismic waves generated by earthquakes, scientists have shown that temperature differences deep within Earth’s mantle control the elevation and volcanic activity along mid-ocean ridges, the colossal mountain ranges that line the ocean floor. Recent research sheds new light on how temperature in the depths of the mantle influences the contours of the Earth’s crust.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Scientists have shown that temperature differences deep within Earth’s mantle control the elevation and volcanic activity along mid-ocean ridges, the colossal mountain ranges that line the ocean floor. The findings, published April 4 in the journal Science, shed new light on how temperature in the depths of the mantle influences the contours of the Earth’s crust. (more…)

Canal between Ears Helps Alligators Pinpoint Sound

By Guest PostApril 26, 2014Nature, Scienceakw tihange, alligators, bastian schiller, christopher robert, daphne soares, daria knoch, eardrum, euratom vertrag, gehirnprozesse, kernkraftwerk tihange, lehren aus fukushima, lorena gianotti, university of maryland, vibration, workplace relationships

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – By reptile standards, alligators are positively chatty. They are the most vocal of the non-avian reptiles and are known to be able to pinpoint the source of sounds with accuracy. But it wasn’t clear exactly how they did it because they lack external auditory structures.

In a new study, an international team of biologists shows that the alligator’s ear is strongly directional because of large, air-filled channels connecting the two middle ears. This configuration is similar in birds, which have an interaural canal that increases directionality. (more…)

UA Researcher and Colleagues Discover the Birthplace of the Chili Pepper

By Guest PostApril 26, 2014Sciencearea of origin, birthplace, chili pepper, domesticated chili pepper, plant domestication

Researchers have found that central-east Mexico gave birth to the domesticated chili pepper, which is now the world’s most widely grown spice crop.

In the Southwest, the chili pepper is practically a dietary staple. It gives salsa a spicy crunch, it brings depth to Mexican sauces, and it provides an extra kick to Sonoran hot dogs. (more…)

Lesen wirkt: Psychologen erforschen, wie Lektüre das Verhalten ändern kann

By Guest PostApril 25, 2014Scienceactivism, bill simmons, christophe meneboeuf, dfg, globalhumanrightsdirect, photoblog, pixinn, remodel, sonnenkoenig ludwig, universitaet kassel, ute hasenoehrl

Mit guten, subtilen Geschichten Menschen dazu bringen, weniger Süßes zu essen, auf das Rauchen zu verzichten und überhaupt gesundheitsbewusster zu leben – ein Psychologie-Team der Universität Kassel erforscht die Mechanismen, die Leser dazu bringen, Überzeugungen und Verhalten zum Positiven zu verändern.

Prof. Dr. Tobias Richter vom Institut für Psychologie der Universität Kassel und seine Mitarbeiterin Dr. des. Maj-Britt Isberner untersuchen bis Mitte 2016 in mehreren Experimenten das Potential von Geschichten, die Überzeugungen und das Verhalten von Probanden nachhaltig zu verändern. Die Kasseler arbeiten in dem Projekt mit dem Medienpsychologen Prof. Dr. Markus Appel von der Universität Koblenz-Landau zusammen. (more…)

Die Schönheit nach der Katastrophe: Die Osuga-Täler auf dem Mars

By Guest PostApril 25, 2014Sciencedlr, eier fressen, kannibalismus, katja heubel, mars, martin vallon, pomatoschistus microps, repurposed genes, skates, strandgrundel maennchen, tetsuya nakamura

Das wunderschön anmutende Landschaftsbild der Osuga-Täler auf dem Mars mit seinen sanft geschwungenen Kanälen und tropfenförmigen Inseln lässt leicht die zerstörerischen Ereignisse vergessen, die zu seiner Entstehung geführt haben: Einst formten gleich mehrere gigantische Flutereignisse dieses verzweigte Netz von Flusstälern. Die hier präsentierten Bilder der vom Deutschen Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) betriebenen hochauflösenden Stereokamera HRSC auf der ESA-Sonde Mars Express zeigen den zentralen Teil von Osuga Valles. (more…)

Elusive leptin

By Guest PostApril 25, 2014Scienceakt1, baaltempel in palmyra, cannabis users, celia morgan, childrens behavior, columba livia, diabetes, dschingis khans, einhorn auf reisen, hormone, imperien im kommen, imperium romanum, Israel, kalten krieg, kathleen vohs, lan chaplin, lipid metabolism, michael gehler, obesity, pathway, psychology of money, psychosis risk, robert rollinger, sowjetunion, species, type 2 diabetes

Researchers find first evidence of fat-regulating hormone in avian species

Since leptin was discovered 20 years ago, more than 115,000 papers have been published on this protein in humans, and another 5,000 have appeared on leptin in mice.

Leptin’s popularity is not surprising, as the hormone is the principal marker for the development of morbid obesity in humans. Leptin and its receptor play critical roles in the control of food intake and energy expenditure, thereby affecting body weight, abdominal fatness, thermogenesis, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism. (more…)

Computer Maps 21 Distinct Emotional Expressions—Even “Happily Disgusted”

By Guest PostApril 24, 2014Sciencealexa marenghi, aradhna krishna, cdu fraktion, christina lynch, codess, facial expressions, frank steiner, happy, head up, heart down, news website, ohio state university, psychologist, ptsd, rachel goldberg, schlange, schwein, schweinefleisch, sinead mcgivney, subsaharan africa, susan short, vertical placement

Study more than triples the number of facial expressions researchers can use to track the origins of emotions in the brain

COLUMBUS, Ohio—Researchers at The Ohio State University have found a way for computers to recognize 21 distinct facial expressions—even expressions for complex or seemingly contradictory emotions such as “happily disgusted” or “sadly angry.”

In the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they report that they were able to more than triple the number of documented facial expressions that researchers can now use for cognitive analysis. (more…)

Researchers bolster development of programmable quantum computers

By Guest PostApril 24, 2014Scienceandrea burgalossi, dublin office, friends online, james franck institute, michael schmidt, mystical personality type, nature of god, new tool, ortserinnerung, quantum mechanics, quantum physics, remus sharkcam, sexually harassed, shark behavior, software engineers, thomas rosenbaum, university of chicago

University of Chicago researchers and their colleagues at University College London have performed a proof-of-concept experiment that will aid the future development of programmable quantum computers.

Many complex problems are difficult and slow to solve using conventional computers, and over the last several years, research has grown steadily toward developing quantum computation. In particular, optimization problems such as the “traveling salesman” problem, which calculates the shortest possible route needed to visit a set of towns, become intractable as the number of towns grows. (more…)

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