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Berkeley Lab Researchers Create a Nonlinear Light-generating Zero-Index MetaMaterial

By Guest PostJanuary 3, 2014Scienceberkeley lab, chemical composition, efficient light generation, first plasmonic nanolasers, four wave mixing, future quantum networks, haim suchowski, information age, kevin obrien, light generating, multidirectional emission, nonlinear, nonlinear optics, photon direction, quantum processors, silicon nitride membrane, supercomputers, technique, vacuum, xiang zhang, zero index metamaterial, zero refractive index

Holds Promise for Future Quantum Networks and Light Sources

The Information Age will get a major upgrade with the arrival of quantum processors many times faster and more powerful than today’s supercomputers. For the benefits of this new Information Age 2.0 to be fully realized, however, quantum computers will need fast and efficient multi-directional light sources. While quantum technologies remain grist for science fiction, a team of researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have taken an important step towards efficient light generation, the foundation for future quantum networks. (more…)

UCLA doctors successfully ‘vacuum’ 2-foot blood clot out of patient’s heart

By Guest PostSeptember 21, 2013Healthamericans, anesthesia, angiovac, angiovac system, blood clot, breastbone, cardiac surgery, cardiology, cheryl dunlap, clot busting drug, deep vein thrombosis, diagram, heart, heart bypass device, john moriarty, leg veins, mr dunlap, murray kwon, open heart surgery, operating room, patient, radiology, recovery, ronald reagan, tpa, ucla doctors, ucla medical center, vacuum

First in state to perform minimally invasive alternative to open-heart surgery

Todd Dunlap, 62, arrived at Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center’s emergency room on Aug. 8 suffering from shortness of breath, fatigue and extreme cold. When a CT scan revealed a 24-inch clot stretching from his legs into his heart, doctors feared the mass could break loose and lodge in his lungs, blocking oxygen and killing him instantly.

Dr. John Moriarty gave his patient a choice. Dunlap could have open-heart surgery or undergo a new minimally invasive procedure using a device called AngioVac to vacuum the massive clot out of his heart. The catch? The procedure had never been successfully performed in California. (more…)

Measuring Table-Top Accelerators’ State-of-the-Art Beams

By Guest PostNovember 4, 2012Scienceaccelerator, berkeley lab, boundary, chen lin, coherent, cotr, density modulation, electron, electron beam, electron laser, fusion research, high density, high energy, hydrogen gas, initial momentum, jeroen van tilborg, laser plasma acceleration, light regime, light source, loasis, longitudinal slice, lpa, modulation, momentum, mylar foil, optical, particle count, photon pattern, plasma, pulse, radiation, transition, ultrathin, vacuum, wim leemans, xray window

Studies by Berkeley Lab scientists of electron beam quality in laser plasma accelerators include novel tests for slice-energy spread

Part Two: Slicing through the electron beam

Wim Leemans of Berkeley Lab’s Accelerator and Fusion Research Division heads LOASIS, the Laser and Optical Accelerator Systems Integrated Studies, an oasis indeed for students pursuing graduate studies in laser plasma acceleration (LPA). Among the most promising applications of future table-top accelerators are new kinds of light sources, in which their electron beams power free electron lasers.

“If our LPA electron bunches had good enough quality for free electron lasers – and were really only femtoseconds long – we should see a particular kind of radiation called coherent optical transition radiation, or COTR,” Leemans says. “So I assigned my doctoral student Chen Lin, a graduate of Peking University and now a postdoc there, to find it.” (more…)

Fast Times in Physics

By Guest PostNovember 29, 2011Scienceatomic clocks, beams of neutrinos, c, Chicago, einstein, equation, Europe, faster than light, fermilab, Japan, marvin marshak, minos, neutrinos, northern minnesota, opera, physicists, scientific world, soudan underground laboratory, speed of light, subatomic particles, time, university of minnesota, vacuum, vibrations of cesium atoms

A U physicist will help determine if neutrinos can outrace light

Back in 2007, a physics experiment clocked elusive subatomic particles called neutrinos going faster than light.

That wasn’t supposed to happen. If the speed of light in a vacuum—denoted “c” by physicists—isn’t the universal speed limit, it would mean that Einstein put the wrong number in his famous E=mc² equation.

University of Minnesota physicist Marvin Marshak was part of the experiment, called MINOS. It clocked beams of neutrinos shot from Fermilab, a national physics lab near Chicago, to a detector 457 miles away in the Soudan Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. (more…)

Theoretical Breakthrough: Generating Matter and Antimatter from the Vacuum

By Guest PostDecember 9, 2010Scienceannihilation, anti electron, antimatter components, electron, engineers, fundamental matter, gamma photon, gerard mourou, high energy electron beam, high energy particle of light, igor sokolov, laser pulse, neutron stars, particle accelerator, particles, paul dirac, physicist, positrons, pulsars, qed strong pulsed laser fields, ultra high intensity laser beam, university of michigan, vacuum

ANN ARBOR, Mich.— Under just the right conditions — which involve an ultra-high-intensity laser beam and a two-mile-long particle accelerator — it could be possible to create something out of nothing, according to University of Michigan researchers.

The scientists and engineers have developed new equations that show how a high-energy electron beam combined with an intense laser pulse could rip apart a vacuum into its fundamental matter and antimatter components, and set off a cascade of events that generates additional pairs of particles and antiparticles. (more…)

Forcing Mismatched Elements Together Could Yield Better Solar Cells

By Guest PostSeptember 9, 2010Environmentband anti-crossing, crystal growth techniques, electromagnetic radiation, gallium arsenide nitride, highly mismatched alloys, homogenized milk, infrared radiation, molecular beam, molecular beam epitaxy, nitrogen atoms, rachel goldman, solar cells, thermoelectrics, tyndall national institute in ireland, vacuum

ANN ARBOR, Mich. — In what could be a step toward higher efficiency solar cells, an international team including University of Michigan professors has invalidated the most commonly used model to explain the behavior of a unique class of materials called highly mismatched alloys.

(more…)

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