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NASA Scientists Find Evidence of Water in Meteorite, Reviving Debate Over Life on Mars

By Guest PostMarch 5, 2014Scienceallan hills, ancient mars, antarctic research expedition, Antarctica, biogenic evidence, david mckay, everett gibson, Houston, japanese, jet propulsion laboratory, Johnson Space Center, kathie thomas keprta, martian atmospheric gases, martian carbon, martian meteorite, martian samples, nasa scientists, oxygen atoms, yamato 000593, yamato glacier

A team of scientists at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., has found evidence of past water movement throughout a Martian meteorite, reviving debate in the scientific community over life on Mars.

In 1996, a group of scientists at Johnson led by David McKay, Everett Gibson and Kathie Thomas-Keprta published an article in Science announcing the discovery of biogenic evidence in the Allan Hills 84001(ALH84001) meteorite. In this new study, Gibson and his colleagues focused on structures deep within a 30-pound (13.7-kilogram) Martian meteorite known as Yamato 000593 (Y000593). The team reports that newly discovered different structures and compositional features within the larger Yamato meteorite suggest biological processes might have been at work on Mars hundreds of millions of years ago. (more…)

Hazy days of summer: Southeast U.S. field work measures mercury, smog

By Guest PostJuly 16, 2013Environmentair quality, ben lee, birmingham, c 130, central pennsylvania, claudia mohr, clean sea air, climate, coal fired, colored aerosols, dan jaffe, eastern texas, felipe lopez hilfiker, field work, ground-level ozone, gulf of mexico, hazy days, Houston, joel thornton, lyatt jaegle, measure, mercury, military transport plane, nashville, natural vegetation emission, ohio river valley, pollutants, power plant, smog, southeast us, summer, university of washington, vegetation particles, very exciting data

Dozens of atmospheric scientists, including three University of Washington faculty members, are taking part in what’s being described as one of the largest atmospheric field campaigns in decades.

The six-week Southeast Atmosphere Study, through July 15, includes scientists from more than 30 different institutions. Together they are studying how pollutants combine with natural vegetation emissions to affect climate and air quality in the Southeastern U.S. (more…)

Invasive Crazy Ants Are Displacing Fire Ants, Researchers Find

By Guest PostMay 18, 2013Nature, Science300 pound gorilla, ant species, argentine ant, arthropod species, austin, brackenridge field laboratory, college, crazy ants, ecologically dominant, ecosystem, ed lebrun, florida, Houston, invasive crazy ants, natural control, natural sciences, new orleans, northern argentina, nylanderia fulva, omnivorous, rasberry crazy ants, southern brazil, southern hemisphere, southern louisiana, southern mississippi, tawny crazy ants, united states, university of texas, videos on youtube

AUSTIN, Texas — Invasive “crazy ants” are displacing fire ants in areas across the southeastern United States, according to researchers at The University of Texas at Austin. It’s the latest in a history of ant invasions from the southern hemisphere and may prove to have dramatic effects on the ecosystem of the region.

The “ecologically dominant” crazy ants are reducing diversity and abundance across a range of ant and arthropod species — but their spread can be limited if people are careful not to transport them inadvertently, according to Ed LeBrun, a research associate with the Texas invasive species research program at the Brackenridge Field Laboratory in the College of Natural Sciences (more…)

Brown Unveils Novel Wireless Brain Sensor

By Guest PostMarch 9, 2013Scienceanimal model, arto nurmikko, brain machine interfaces, brain radio, broadband signals, brown university, computer cursors, copper coil, cortex, data, david borton, decision-making, electrodes, engineer, ghz, Houston, human neuroscience, infrared transmitters, international workshop, john donoghue, lithium-ion battery, mbps, ming yin, motor cortex, neural data transmission, neuroengineers, novel, paralysis control devices, parkinsons disease, real-time, recharging, robotic arms, sealed titanium can, signal processing system, translational motivation, wireless brain sensor, wireless radio, wriston professor

In a significant advance for brain-machine interfaces, engineers at Brown University have developed a novel wireless, broadband, rechargeable, fully implantable brain sensor that has performed well in animal models for more than a year. They describe the result in the Journal of Neural Engineering and at a conference this week.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — A team of neuroengineers based at Brown University has developed a fully implantable and rechargeable wireless brain sensor capable of relaying real-time broadband signals from up to 100 neurons in freely moving subjects. Several copies of the novel low-power device, described in the Journal of Neural Engineering, have been performing well in animal models for more than year, a first in the brain-computer interface field. Brain-computer interfaces could help people with severe paralysis control devices with their thoughts. (more…)

First Global Picture of Greenhouse Gases Emerges from Pole-to-Pole Research Flights

By Guest PostSeptember 10, 2011Environmentandy watt, anne-marie schmoltner, Antarctic, Arctic, black carbon particles, britton stephens, carbon dioxide, climate, concentrations of greenhouse gases, earth, global distribution of gases, gulfstream v aircraft, harvard university, hiaper, hiaper pole to pole observations, high performance instrumented airborne platform for environmental research, hippo, Houston, industrial age, los angeles, national science foundation, natural carbon dioxide uptake and storage, new zealand, nsf, pacific, particles in the atmosphere, portrait of greenhouse gases, ryan spackman, steven wofsy

*Three-year series of scientific missions from Arctic to Antarctic produces new views of atmospheric chemistry*

A three-year series of research flights from the Arctic to the Antarctic has successfully produced an unprecedented portrait of greenhouse gases and particles in the atmosphere.

The far-reaching field project, known as HIPPO, ends this week, and has enabled researchers to generate the first detailed mapping of the global distribution of gases and particles that affect Earth’s climate. (more…)

Air Quality Worsened by Paved Surfaces

By Guest PostJune 11, 2011Environmentair pollution, atmospheric measurements, brad smull, china meteorological administration, coastal cities, computer simulations, emissions, fei chen, ground-level ozone, Houston, houston area, Japan, land and sea temperatures, los angeles, national center for atmospheric research, national science foundation, ncar, nsf, pavement, petrochemical facilities, pollutants, sea, shanghai, smog, traffic jams, unhealthy air, united states, university of tsukuba, urban areas on air pollution, urban development, urbanization, warm summer weather, weather patterns, wind patterns

*Widespread urban development alters weather patterns*

New research focusing on the Houston area suggests that widespread urban development alters weather patterns in a way that can make it easier for pollutants to accumulate during warm summer weather instead of being blown out to sea.

The international study, led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), could have implications for the air quality of fast-growing coastal cities in the United States and other mid-latitude regions overseas. (more…)

Build it and They Will Come? Think Again

By Guest PostJanuary 25, 2011Economyair travel passengers, american cities, conventional wisdom, dallas, east coast, economic development, Houston, job creation strategies, job growth, jobs, miami, midwestern cities, permanent nonfarm jobs, Phoenix, riverside, sunbelt cities, zachary neal

EAST LANSING, Mich. — When it comes to economic development in American cities, the trusted old theory “If you build it, they will come” may not work, a Michigan State University sociologist argues in a new study.

Conventional wisdom holds that job growth attracts people to urban areas. (more…)

Oil and Gas Industry Sees Boom in High-Tech Collaboration

By Guest PostJanuary 18, 2011Technologyaccenture survey, area of collaboration, bharat petroleum, chevron, cost efficiency, craig hodges, geographical and demographic landscape, global energy forum, Houston, management problems, Microsoft, microsoft lync, microsoft technologies, oil and gas industry, oil and gas professionals, people, pipelines, radar screens, real time collaboration technologies, sql azure, windows phone 7

*The adoption of real-time collaboration technologies continues to grow among oil and gas professionals, according to a Microsoft and Accenture survey released today at Microsoft’s Global Energy Forum.*

HOUSTON – Jan. 18, 2011 – The oil and gas industry has realized that keeping information flowing among its workers is key to continued flow in its pipelines.

According to a survey released today at Microsoft’s Global Energy Forum in Houston, oil and gas professionals are relying more than ever on collaboration – and real-time collaboration tools like social networking – to get their jobs done and remain competitive within their industry. The survey, conducted by Microsoft and Accenture, shows that the global nature of the oil and gas industry is driving the demand for real-time information and knowledge sharing, said Craig Hodges, Microsoft’s general manager of U.S. Manufacturing and Resources. (more…)

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