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Scientists ID Genetic Factors that Influence Body Weight and Neurological Disorders

By Guest PostFebruary 26, 2016Healthantoine snijders, body weight, genetic factors, jian hua mao, neurological disorders, susan celniker

Berkeley Lab researchers study mice to shed light on genetic risks of Alzheimer’s, other diseases

Many neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, are marked by impaired motor skills. In addition, growing evidence suggests there’s a link between some neurodegenerative diseases and body weight. A recent NIH study, for example, found that adults who are obese or overweight at midlife may be at risk for earlier onset of Alzheimer’s disease. (more…)

With Their Amazing Necks, Ants Don’t Need “High Hopes” to Do Heavy Lifting

By Guest PostFebruary 19, 2014Natureallegheny mound ant, ants, blaine lilly, body weight, carlos castro, carnival ride, formica exsectoides, high hopes, key feature, lift, machine, micro ct, microgravity, move, ohio state university, rubber tree plant, the rotor, united states, vienny nguyen

Ants can lift up to 5,000 times their own body weight, new study suggests

COLUMBUS, Ohio — High hopes may help move a rubber tree plant (as the old song goes), but the real secret to the ant’s legendary strength may lie in its tiny neck joint.

In the Journal of Biomechanics, researchers report that the neck joint of a common American field ant can withstand pressures up to 5,000 times the ant’s weight. (more…)

Among Indian immigrants, religious practice and obesity may be linked, study shows

By Guest PostJuly 26, 2013Culture, Healthasian indians, body weight, california, dataset, diabetes, ethnic groups, heart disease, hinduism, hindus, independent factor, indian ancestry, indian immigrants, insulin resistance, islam, marjorie kagawa singer, martin f shapiro, mitchell d wong, muslims, nazleen bharmal, obesity, racial, ramadan, religious practice, sikhism, sikhs, united states

Asian Indians are one of the fastest growing ethnic groups in the United States, and roughly half a million people of Indian ancestry live in California — more than any other state. Individuals from this group are strongly predisposed to obesity-related conditions such as diabetes and heart disease, due in large part to physical inactivity, diets low in fruit and vegetables, and insulin resistance.

Among other racial and ethnic groups, research has shown that religious practices and religiosity have been associated with obesity and greater body weight, but no one had studied this potential link among Indians. (more…)

Body Weight and Gender Influence Judgment in the Courtroom

By Guest PostJanuary 15, 2013Healthalleged defendant, bias, body weight, depth of stigmatization, discrimination, gender, journal of obesity, lean female, lean male, natasha schvey, obese female, obese male, obese people, overweight, perceptions of guilt, responsibility, weight related stigma, weight stigma, yale rudd center

In a study that offers insight into the depth of stigmatization of overweight and obese people, researchers at the Yale Rudd Center for Food Policy & Obesity found that weight stigma extends to the courtroom. Published online in the International Journal of Obesity, the study shows that a defendant’s body weight and gender impact jurors’ perceptions of guilt and responsibility.

Researchers conducted an online study with 471 adult participants. They were presented with a mock court case, including images of alleged defendants. Participants viewed one of four defendant images: a lean male, a lean female, an obese male, and an obese female. After viewing the image, participants were then asked to rate how guilty they thought the defendant was. (more…)

Yellowstone Wolf Study Reveals How to Raise Successful Offspring

By Guest PostOctober 11, 2012Naturearmies, arms race, body weight, bridgett vonholdt, canine distemper, carnivore population, cooperation, cooperative, dan macnulty, dan stahler, data, excellent model, factor, female, female wolves, gray wolves, group behavior, key ingredient, life history, life sciences, mother, national, national park, offspring, park service, predator, princeton university, pup survival, reproduction, robert wayne, social carnivores, sociality, soldiers, state university, study, survival advantage, utah, weight, wolves, world, yellowstone, yellowstone park, young adulthood

What are the key ingredients to raising successful, self-sufficient offspring? A new life sciences study using 14 years of data on gray wolves in Yellowstone National Park indicates that cooperative group behavior and a mother’s weight are crucial.

“A female’s body weight is key in the survival of her offspring, and cooperation in the protection and feeding of young pups pays off in terms of the production of offspring,” said Robert Wayne, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at UCLA and co-author of the new research, published this week in the online edition of the Journal of Animal Ecology. (more…)

Gut Microbe Networks Differ From Norm in Obese People, Systems Biology Approach Reveals

By Guest PostJanuary 13, 2012Scienceabundance of enzymes, alfred p sloan foundation, biomarkers, body weight, building blocks of proteins, cohesive system, disease resistance, elhanan borenstein, energy, gene set, gut, habitats, human anatomy, human body, human genes, human gut, human host, human microbiome, immunity and nutrition, in silico modeling, inflammatory bowel disease, integrated biological system, microbes, microorganism, modeled network, modularity, multiple microbial species, organism, periphery, peter j turnbaugh, sharon greenblum, species, supra organism, university of washington, vitamins

For the first time, researchers have analyzed the multitude of microorganisms residing in the human gut as a complex, integrated biological system, rather than a set of separate species. Their approach has revealed patterns that correspond with excess body weight.

The senior author of the paper, Elhanan Borenstein, assistant professor of genome sciences at the University of Washington, said, “Our research introduces a novel framework, applying systems biology and in-silico (computer) modeling to study the human microbiome – the complex ensemble of microorganisms that populate the human body – as a single cohesive system.” (more…)

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