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Brief Interventions Can Help Young Adults, College Students Return to a Healthy Lifestyle, Finds MU Researcher

By Guest PostDecember 2, 2012Generalcollege experience, college freshmen, federal activity guidelines, feedback, freshman 15, good lifestyle, lifestyle, lifestyle decision, matt martens, missouri, negative aspect, physical activity, right track, university, waiting room, weight gain

COLUMBIA, Mo. — The weight gain commonly known as the “Freshman 15” is a negative aspect of the college experience for many college freshmen who are independent for the first time, most making lifestyle decisions about eating and exercise. Researchers say it’s no surprise freshmen experience one of the largest weight gains in their lifetimes when they attend college. A new study from the University of Missouri has found that a brief intervention, sometimes as little as 30 minutes, can help put students back on the right track to a healthy lifestyle – a change that can impact the rest of their lives.

“What we found in our study was that getting personalized feedback about health issues is important,” said Matt Martens, associate professor of counseling psychology in the College of Education. “It may not matter how long or short that intervention is; what seems to be important is getting the feedback. These simple interventions can be used at a doctor’s office prior to an appointment, possibly while the individual is sitting in the waiting room. The idea behind these methods is to open the conversations, identifying the unhealthy lifestyle decisions and setting goals for the future.” (more…)

Future of Corporate Governance

By Guest PostDecember 2, 2012Economyboard directors, challenges for investors, company performance, corporate governance, corporate governance professionals, corporate spinoffs, say on pay

Weinberg symposium addresses critical issues in corporate governance

The University of Delaware’s John L. Weinberg Center hosted a symposium, “Governance Issues of Critical Importance to Institutional Investors,” on Friday, Nov. 9, on UD’s Newark campus. (more…)

Harmful Protein-Coding Mutations in People arose Largely in the Past 5,000 to 10,000 Years

By Guest PostDecember 2, 2012Scienceinsulin resistance, new mutations, nucleotide variants, protein coding mutations, single nucleotide variants

A study dating the age of more than 1 million single-letter variations in the human DNA code reveals that most of these mutations are of recent origin, evolutionarily speaking. These kinds of mutations change one nucleotide – an A, C, T or G – in the DNA sequence. Over 86 percent of the harmful protein-coding mutations of this type arose in humans just during the past 5,000 to 10,000 years. (more…)

Moral Evaluations of Harm are Instant and Emotional, Brain Study Shows

By Guest PostDecember 2, 2012Scienceaccidental, age, amygdala, brain, brain activity, callous unemotional traits, Chicago, data, emotion, empathy, evolutionary heritage, humans, hurtful action, intentional, jean decety, milliseconds, moral computations, moral response, morality, mri scans, posterior, psychopaths, split second, step, stephanie cacioppo, sulcus, superior, temporal, tpj area, university, ventromedial prefrontal cortex

People are able to detect, within a split second, if a hurtful action they are witnessing is intentional or accidental, new research on the brain at the University of Chicago shows.

The study is the first to explain how the brain is hard-wired to recognize when another person is being intentionally harmed. It also provides new insights into how such recognition is connected with emotion and morality, said lead author Jean Decety, the Irving B. Harris Professor of Psychology and Psychiatry at UChicago. (more…)

New UMD Poll Shows Israelis Doubt Benefit from Gaza Conflict

By Guest PostDecember 1, 2012Politicsceasefire, ethnic conflict, fighting with hamas, gaza conflict, israeli opinion, peaceful palestinian state

Three in Five Israelis Now View Obama Favorably

COLLEGE PARK, Md. – A new University of Maryland poll shows that in the aftermath of November’s round of fighting with Hamas and other groups in the Gaza Strip, only 36% of Israelis think that Israel is better off than it was before the escalation, while a majority feel Israel is either about the same (38%) or worse off (21%). (more…)

UA Partners with Saudi Arabia to Create Sustainable Farming Systems

By Guest PostDecember 1, 2012Sciencearid lands, desert agriculture, farming on desert, floating hydroponic systems, greenhouse food production, sustainable farming, sustainable shrimp farms

Faculty members from the UA College of Agriculture and Life Sciences are teaming up with partners at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia to create the Desert Agriculture Research Institute.

Food, clean water and energy – our planet is challenged to meet these basic needs, especially in the harshest environments. (more…)

The Placebo Effect Goes Beyond Humans, UF Researchers Find

By Guest PostDecember 1, 2012Health, Sciencebrain, common, drug abuse, ethical issues, florida, humans, jianguo cheng, john neubert, niall murphy, novel treatment, orthodontics, pain relief, pain specialist, placebo, placebo effects, placebo response, preclinical model, rats, therapeutic targets, university

GAINESVILLE, Fla. — Rats and humans have at least one thing in common: They both react the same way to a placebo, according to a new University of Florida study.

“That was the big finding — that the animals that expected pain relief actually got pain relief when you gave them an inert substance,” said co-author John Neubert, a pain specialist and an associate professor with the UF College of Dentistry department of orthodontics. “It helps validate our model that what we do in the rats, we believe, is a good representation of what’s being seen in humans.”

The investigation of placebo effects might lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets in the brain and of novel treatment strategies for a variety of health conditions. (more…)

Modeling the Breaking Points of Metallic Glasses

By Guest PostDecember 1, 2012Sciencebreaking points, fracture toughness, liquid metals, mechanical model, mechanical properties, metallic glasses

Mathematical methods developed by a Berkeley Lab researcher help explain why liquid metals have wildly different breaking points, depending on how they are made

Metallic glass alloys (or liquid metals) are three times stronger than the best industrial steel, but can be molded into complex shapes with the same ease as plastic. These materials are highly resistant to scratching, denting, shattering and corrosion. So far, they have been used in a variety of products from golf clubs to aircraft components. And, some smartphone manufacturers are even looking to cast their next-generation phone cases out of it. (more…)

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