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Researchers Propose New Way to Probe Earth’s Deep Interior

By Guest PostFebruary 25, 2013Scienceafu lin, amherst college, atoms, austin, building blocks, central core, characteristics, characteristics of mantle, chemical properties, composition, deep earth, earth, earth rotation axis, electromagnetism, electron spin density, electrons, elusive fifth force, fifth force, geoelectrons, geological layer, geomagnetic field, gravitational attraction, gravity, interior, jung fu, larry hunter, magnetic interaction, mantle, Nature, neutrons, new technique, outer crust, protons, researchers, spin, spin directions, spin spin interaction, strong nuclear forces, subatomic particles, university of texas

AUSTIN, Texas — Researchers from Amherst College and The University of Texas at Austin have described a new technique that might one day reveal in higher detail than ever before the composition and characteristics of the deep Earth.

There’s just one catch: The technique relies on a fifth force of nature (in addition to gravity, the weak and strong nuclear forces and electromagnetism) that has not yet been detected, but which some particle physicists think might exist. Physicists call this type of force a long-range spin-spin interaction. If it does exist, this exotic new force would connect matter at Earth’s surface with matter hundreds or even thousands of kilometers below, deep in Earth’s mantle. In other words, the building blocks of atoms—electrons, protons, and neutrons—separated over vast distances would “feel” each other’s presence. The way these particles interact could provide new information about the composition and characteristics of the mantle, which is poorly understood because of its inaccessibility. (more…)

Experiments Inform Study of Crowd Motion

By Guest PostJuly 29, 2012Scienceannual pilgrimage, brown university, crowd behavior, crowd cohesion, crowd motion, electromagnetism, experiment, laws, mathematics, mecca, sayles hall, sayles swarm, school of fish, the haj, william warren

To determine how crowd behavior emerges from individual actions, William Warren, professor of cognitive, linguistic, and psychological sciences, assembled his own crowds and engaged them in an unusual four-day experiment in Sayles Hall. The subjects were equipped with motion capture markers affixed like antennae to bike helmets.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — What must the staid-faced University luminaries in those portraits around Sayles Hall have thought while they watched this scene play out for four days last week? Over and over, two to 20 young men and women in bike helmets adorned with what appeared to be five large antennae walked back and forth across a cardboard-covered floor. En route to goals marked by numbers just beneath the portraits, they dodged each other and arrangements of cardboard pillars. Each time they generated patterns of foot traffic. (more…)

The Search for Dark Matter Goes Deeper Underground

By Guest PostMay 28, 2012Scienceacrylic tank, atom, background particles, berkeley lab, bullet cluster, cherenkov radiation, cosmic rays, dan mckinsey, dark matter, davis campus, daya bay project, dimension, electric field, electromagnetism, electron, England, factor, gravitational effect, homestake, kamland, lux, lux collaboration, lux detector, lux zeplin, massive particles, motion of galaxies, neutrino experiment, organic liquid, radioactive decay, rock formation, sanford laboratory, scintillators, search, sno, south dakota, sudbury neutrino observatory, tautology, time projection chamber, titanium tank, underground, wimps, xenon detector, xenon gas, xray emission, yale university, zeplin

With LUX ZEPLIN Berkeley Lab researchers seek to increase the sensitivity of LUX, the most sensitive search for dark matter yet, by orders of magnitude

Although it’s invisible, dark matter accounts for at least 80 percent of the matter in the universe. No one knows what it is, but most scientists would bet on weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs.

LUX, the Large Underground Xenon detector at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in the Black Hills of South Dakota, is calling that bet with a titanium bottle holding 350 kilograms of liquid xenon, placed in a cavern 4,850 feet down in the former Homestake gold mine. LUX is a trap set for dark-matter WIMPs. (more…)

Tag Archives: electromagnetism

Researchers Propose New Way to Probe Earth’s Deep Interior

Experiments Inform Study of Crowd Motion

The Search for Dark Matter Goes Deeper Underground