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Hardware, Software Advances Help Protect Operating Systems From Attack

By Guest PostJanuary 30, 2011Technologybackbone of computer, compromise, efficient system, failure, function, hardware, normal function, operating system, os, restore an os, software, system call, web browser, xiaowei jiang, yan solihin

The operating system (OS) is the backbone of your computer. If the OS is compromised, attackers can take over your computer – or crash it. Now researchers at North Carolina State University have developed an efficient system that utilizes hardware and software to restore an OS if it is attacked.

At issue are security attacks in which an outside party successfully compromises one computer application (such as a Web browser) and then uses that application to gain access to the OS. For example, the compromised application could submit a “system call” to the OS, effectively asking the OS to perform a specific function. However, instead of a routine function, the attacker would use the system call to attempt to gain control of the OS. (more…)

NASA Comet Hunter Spots Its Valentine

By Guest PostJanuary 29, 2011Sciencecomet hunter, nasa spacecraft, stardust next mission, stardust spacecraft

NASA’s Stardust spacecraft has downlinked its first images of comet Tempel 1, the target of a flyby planned for Valentine’s Day, Feb. 14. The images were taken on Jan. 18 and 19 from a distance of 26.3 million kilometers (16.3 million miles), and 25.4 million kilometers (15.8 million miles) respectively. On Feb. 14, Stardust will fly within about 200 kilometers (124 miles) of the comet’s nucleus. (more…)

Research Suggests HIV Causes Rapid Aging in Key Infection-fighting Cells

By Guest PostJanuary 29, 20111 commentHealthhiv, hiv positive people, infected adults, infection, rapid aging

In the early years of the AIDS epidemic, being infected with the virus that causes the disease was considered a virtual death sentence. But with the development of antiretroviral therapy, many with HIV are now living much longer. In fact, it is estimated that by 2015, about half of all HIV-positive individuals will be older than 50. (more…)

First Study of Dispersants in Gulf Spill Suggests a Prolonged Deepwater Fate

By Guest PostJanuary 29, 2011Environmentbiodegradation, biological exposure, chemical dispersant, chromatographic technique, david valentine, deep ocean, deepwater horizon oil spill, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, doss, effects on corals, elizabeth b kujawinski, environmental data, fate of dispersants, gas flow, gulf of mexico, gulf spill, hydrocarbon, levels of methane, marshes and coastlines, melissa c kido soule, oil droplets, oil gas plume, toxicity, wellhead

To combat last year’s Deepwater Horizon oil spill, nearly 800,000 gallons of chemical dispersant were injected directly into the oil and gas flow coming out of the wellhead nearly one mile deep in the Gulf of Mexico. Now, as scientists begin to assess how well the strategy worked at breaking up oil droplets, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) chemist Elizabeth B. Kujawinski and her colleagues report that a major component of the dispersant itself was contained within an oil-gas-laden plume in the deep ocean and had still not degraded some three months after it was applied.

While the results suggest the dispersant did mingle with the oil and gas flowing from the mile-deep wellhead, they also raise questions about what impact the deep-water residue of oil and dispersant—which some say has its own toxic effects—might have had on environment and marine life in the Gulf. (more…)

Growing Biofuel Crops in Unusual Places

By Guest PostJanuary 29, 2011Environmentairport property, biodiesel, biofuel, biofuel crops, biofuels crop production, canola, cellulosic and oilseed biofuel crops, crops, dennis pennington, ethanol, farmland, freeways to fuels, highway, homegrown bioenergy feedstocks, michigan, michigan economy, natural gas, nontraditional land, oil, oilseed crops, oriental mustard, pennycress, petroleum, renewable fuels, switchgrass, terri novak, vacant urban land

EAST LANSING, Mich. — Michigan State University researchers are finding new locations to grow crops used for biofuel.

The land they’ve identified might surprise some because it’s right next to where the fuel is being used. (more…)

‘Yearly Mammograms from Age 40 Save 71% More Lives’

By Guest PostJanuary 29, 2011Healthbiopsy, breast cancer, breast cancer screening, canada, cancer, edward hendrick, guidelines of screening, mammogram, mammography screening, radiology, Sweden

*Analysis questions U.S. Task Force recommendations for every-other-year screening starting at age 50*

ANN ARBOR, Mich. — A new study questions the controversial U.S. Preventative Service Task Force recommendations for breast cancer screening, with data that shows starting at a younger age and screening more frequently will result in more lives saved.

The study analyzed the same data looked at by the task force, which issued its guidelines on mammography screening in November 2009. The study authors compared the task force’s recommendations for screening every other year in women 50-74 to American Cancer Society guidelines of screening every year in women 40-84. (more…)

Scientists Determine What Makes an Orangutan an Orangutan

By Guest PostJanuary 28, 2011Nature, Scienceadam siepel, biogeography, borneo, devin p locke, evolution of primates, fruit fly, genes, genetic code, genetic diversity, genome, genome sequencing of primates, humans, island of origin, malay term, mammals, man of the forest, map, model organisms, orangutan genome, orangutans, reed beaman, scientists, sumatra

*New map of the genetic code of endangered orangutans yields important new conservation tools and insights into evolution*

For the first time, scientists have mapped the genome–the genetic code–of orangutans. This new tool may be used to support efforts to maintain the genetic diversity of captive and wild orangutans. The new map of the orangutan genome may also be used to help improve our understanding of the evolution of primates, including humans.

Partially funded by the National Science Foundation, the orangutan study appears in the Jan. 27 issue of Nature. It was conducted by an international team of scientists led by Devin P. Locke of the Genome Center at Washington University. (more…)

Men More Likely to Stick With Girlfriends Who Sleep With Other Women Than Other Men, Research Shows

By Guest PostJanuary 28, 2011Culturedating a girlfriend, evolutionary psychology, female homosexuality, heterosexual affair, homosexual affair, infidelity, jaime c confer, mark d cloud, men

AUSTIN, Texas — Men are more than twice as likely to continue dating a girlfriend who has cheated on them with another woman than one who has cheated with another man, according to new research from a University of Texas at Austin psychologist.

Women show the opposite pattern. They are more likely to continue dating a man who has had a heterosexual affair than one who has had a homosexual affair. (more…)

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