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Science Benefits From Diverse Landing Area of NASA Mars Rover

PASADENA, Calif. — NASA’s Curiosity rover is revealing a great deal about Mars, from long-ago processes in its interior to the current interaction between the Martian surface and atmosphere.

Examination of loose rocks, sand and dust has provided new understanding of the local and global processes on Mars. Analysis of observations and measurements by the rover’s science instruments during the first four months after the August 2012 landing are detailed in five reports in the Sept. 27 edition of the journal Science. (more…)

MU Scientist Finds Late Cretaceous Period Was Likely Ice-free

Study results could foreshadow earth’s future climate, MU researcher says

COLUMBIA, Mo. – For years, scientists have thought that a continental ice sheet formed during the Late Cretaceous Period more than 90 million years ago when the climate was much warmer than it is today. Now, a University of Missouri researcher has found evidence suggesting that no ice sheet formed at this time. This finding could help environmentalists and scientists predict what the earth’s climate will be as carbon dioxide levels continue to rise.

“Currently, carbon dioxide levels are just above 400 parts per million (ppm), up approximately 120 ppm in the last 150 years and rising about 2 ppm each year,” said Ken MacLeod, a professor of geological sciences at MU. “In our study, we found that during the Late Cretaceous Period, when carbon dioxide levels were around 1,000 ppm, there were no continental ice sheets on earth. So, if carbon dioxide levels continue to rise, the earth will be ice-free once the climate comes into balance with the higher levels.” (more…)

Weltweit Wilderei-Exzesse stoppen

WWF fordert Sofortaktion der UNO gegen Wildereikrise

Mehr als geschätzt 19 Milliarden US-Dollar jährlich werden weltweit mit illegalen Wildtierprodukten umgesetzt. Derzeit stehen vor allem afrikanische Elefanten und Nashörner im Fadenkreuz der Wilderer. Dabei ist der illegale Artenhandel längst zur Bedrohung von Frieden und Sicherheit der betroffenen Staaten geworden. Mit welchen Maßnahmen die internationale Gemeinschaft die Wilderei bekämpfen kann, wird auf Einladung von Gabuns Präsident Ali Bongo Ondimba und Deutschlands Außenminister Guido Westerwelle am Donnerstag während der 68. Generalversammlung der Vereinten Nationen in New York mit Staatspräsidenten und hochrangigen Entscheidungsträgern zahlreicher Staaten diskutiert. Ziel der UNO müsse sein, das Problem so ernst zu nehmen wie den Handel mit Drogen, Waffen und Menschen, fordert der WWF. (more…)

Initial positive results reported on vaccine to treat genital herpes

Initial, positive results have been reported for a therapeutic vaccine candidate for treating patients with genital herpes. This first-in-class, investigational, protein subunit vaccine, GEN-003, is under development by Genocea Biosciences Inc.

Dr. Anna Wald, University of Washington professor of medicine and laboratory medicine in the School of Medicine and professor of epidemiology in the School of Public Health, is among those leading clinical studies of GEN-003. The trials are also taking place at six other centers in the United States. (more…)

Mobile computing in the ‘bring your own device’ era

Early in September Yale passed a milestone in mobile computing, with a record 39,414 mobile devices connected to its wireless networks. As on most college campuses the growth of mobile computing at Yale has been explosive, from well under 10,000 devices three years ago to almost 40,000 today.

A recent Gartner study showed that smartphone ownership among college students went from 55% in 2011 to 62% in 2012, and the percentage of students using their smartphones for academic work doubled in the same period. The typical U.S. college student now routinely uses between 2-3 wireless devices, and higher education computing experts predict that average to grow to 3-4 devices over the next year. (more…)

Surveying Ice and Fire: The First Map of All of Iceland’s Glaciers and Subglacier Volcanic Calderas Released

For the first time, all of Iceland’s glaciers are shown on a single map, produced by the Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO), in collaboration with the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Iceland Geosurvey. The map is the first to incorporate historical data and coverage from aerial photographs and remote sensing satellites, such as Landsat and SPOT, to show the change in the areal extent of glaciers during the past century.

Iceland has about 300 glaciers throughout the country, and altogether, 269 glaciers, outlet glaciers and internal ice caps are named. The glaciers that lack names are small and largely newly revealed, exposed by melting of snow pack due to warmer summer temperatures. The number of identified glaciers has nearly doubled at the beginning of the 21^st century. (more…)

„Comeback“ gefährdeter Tierarten

Naturschutz in Europa trägt Früchte

Trotz des voranschreitenden Artensterbens gibt es Hoffnung: In den vergangenen fünfzig Jahren haben sich die Bestände vieler, in Europa fast ausgerotteter Tierarten, dank intensiver Naturschutzbemühungen deutlich erholt. In einer bisher einmaligen Zusammenstellung zeigt dies eine Studie des NABU-Dachverbands BirdLife International, der London Zoological Society sowie des European Bird Census Council, die am heutigen Donnerstag in London vorgestellt wird. In der Studie wird die eindrucksvolle Rückkehr von fast 40 Säugetier- und Vogelarten untersucht. Für Deutschland wurden gute Ergebnisse für Biber, Kranich und Seeadler erzielt. Auch Schwarzstorch, Uhu und Wanderfalke haben von europäischen Naturschutzbemühungen erheblich profitiert. Weiterhin Handlungsbedarf sieht der NABU jedoch unter anderem bei Wiesenvögeln. (more…)

Invasion in the Desert: Why Some Plant Species are Survivors

Max Li’s research could inform policies to promote sustainable native environments and curb the invasion of alien plant species.

Max Li, a University of Arizona doctoral student in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, is studying mechanisms that determine how competing desert plants can coexist with each other and what factors can cause the destruction of this stable coexistence.

His research could help inform policies to curb the spread of invasive species. (more…)