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Homing in on Higgs: Michigan Researchers Predict Summer Discovery

By Guest PostJune 4, 2012Scienceaaron armbruster, algorithms, atlas, atoms, bing zhou, CERN, Chicago, electromagnetic radiation, electrons, fermilab, forces, function, geneva, gordon kane, higgs, higgs boson, higgs field particles, homer neal, jianming qian, junjie zhu, Large Hadron Collider, laws, laws of nature, lhc, missing piece, Nature, neutrons, newton, particle physics, physics theory, protons, quarks, rudolf thun, standard model, stephen hawking, summer, switzerland, tevatron particle accelerator, university of michigan, vacuum like state

ANN ARBOR, Mich.— Whether the Higgs boson exists could be settled by the end of summer, say University of Michigan physicists involved in the search for the missing piece of particle physics’ Standard Model.

“We’re zooming in,” said Jianming Qian, physics professor in the College of Literature, Science & the Arts. “We are increasing the data set and improving our search algorithms. With certain luck, we may be able to discover it this summer, but it depends on nature.”

Qian is one of the 28 U-M researchers involved in experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Switzerland. He’ll spend most of his time through August in Geneva, where more than 1,000 scientists from around the world have been looking for Higgs since the collider turned on about four years ago. (more…)

Berkeley Lab Study Assesses Residential Cooking Exhaust Hoods’ Ability to Vent Pollutants

By Guest PostJune 4, 2012Environmentair pollutants, airflow, berkeley lab, brett singer, capturing pollutants, carbon monoxide, cook stoves, cooking exhaust hoods, energy star, fine particulates, formaldehyde, gas burners, home ventilating institute, nitrogen oxides, pollutant capture efficiency, pollutants, soot, sound level, vent pollutants, woody delp

Cooking exhaust hoods designed for home kitchens vary widely in their ability to capture and vent away the air pollutants generated by the gas burners on cook stoves, according to a study by two Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) scientists. Of seven representative devices they tested, the capture efficiency varied from less than 15 percent to more than 98 percent.

The study, by Woody Delp and Brett Singer of Berkeley Lab’s Environmental Energy Technologies Division, measured their pollutant capture efficiency, sound level generated by their fans, and airflow. Cooking exhaust hoods vent such pollutants as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, and fine particulates such as soot generated during cooking. (more…)

Landslides Linked to Plate Tectonics Create the Steepest Mountain Terrain

By Guest PostJune 3, 2012Environmentlandslide erosion, large landslides, mountain slopes, plate tectonics, steeper slopes, stress of gravity

Some of the steepest mountain slopes in the world got that way because of the interplay between terrain uplift associated with plate tectonics and powerful streams cutting into hillsides, leading to erosion in the form of large landslides, new research shows. (more…)

Discovery of Historical Photos Sheds Light on Greenland Ice Loss

By Guest PostJune 3, 2012Environmentglacial retreat, greenland coastline, greenland glaciers, greenland ice loss, historical photos, melting rates

COLUMBUS, Ohio – A chance discovery of 80-year-old photo plates in a Danish basement is providing new insight into how Greenland glaciers are melting today. (more…)

A Revealing Hand

By Guest PostJune 3, 2012Healthbiomarkers, carotenoids in skin, metabolic studies, prototype device, skin carotenoids, telltale substances

What did you have for lunch yesterday? How many times a month do you eat nuts? How about your kids — how many servings of vegetables did they consume today? (more…)

Filters Do Not Lower Mortality Rate in Most Embolism Cases

By Guest PostJune 2, 2012Healtharteries, block clots, deadly clots, embolectomy, fadi matta, filter, gary willyerd, government database, livonia, lung, mary mercy hospital, osteopathic medicine, paul stein, pulmonary embolism, thrombolytic therapy, veins, vena cava filters

EAST LANSING, Mich. — A filter used to block clots from passing from the veins in the legs to the arteries of the lung does not improve mortality rates for most patients suffering a pulmonary embolism. However, if a patient is unstable – in shock or requires a ventilator – filters can save lives.

Furthermore, for unstable patients with a pulmonary embolism, it is crucial they receive clot-dissolving medications known as thrombolytic therapy.

The findings come from a set of three research articles on pulmonary embolism treatment published by Michigan State University’s Paul Stein in the May edition of the American Journal of Medicine. The findings are based on a study of more than two million patients suffering from the sometimes deadly clots that travel to the lungs and block arteries. (more…)

UCLA Life Scientists View Biodiversity Through a Whole New Dimension

By Guest PostJune 2, 2012Naturebody size, ecological systems, extra dimension, feeding rates, food supply, food webs, spatial dimension, third spatial dimension

Study of body size, feeding rates has implications for ecosystems, food supply

How can blue whales, the largest animals on the planet, survive by feeding on krill, shrimp-like creatures that are the size of a penny? According to UCLA life scientists, it’s all a matter of dimensions. (more…)

Climate Change Led to Collapse of Ancient Indus Civilization, Study Finds

By Guest PostJune 2, 2012Environment, Sciencearabian sea, archaeological evidence, catastrophic floods, climate change, coring, dorian fuller, drilling, eastern afghanistan, egypt, ganges, geological evidence, geologist, geoscience, ghaggar hakra, goldilocks civilization, harappan civilization, harappan settlements, harappan times, himalaya, hindu mythology, indo gangetic plain, indus, james p m syvitski, liviu giosan, mesopotamia, northwest india, Pakistan, peter d clift, remains, river floods, romania, sarasvati, sediments, srtm, stefan constantinescu, topography, university college london, whoi

A new study combining the latest archaeological evidence with state-of-the-art geoscience technologies provides evidence that climate change was a key ingredient in the collapse of the great Indus or Harappan Civilization almost 4000 years ago. The study also resolves a long-standing debate over the source and fate of the Sarasvati, the sacred river of Hindu mythology.

Once extending more than 1 million square kilometers across the plains of the Indus River from the Arabian Sea to the Ganges, over what is now Pakistan, northwest India and eastern Afghanistan, the Indus civilization was the largest—but least known—of the first great urban cultures that also included Egypt and Mesopotamia. Like their contemporaries, the Harappans, named for one of their largest cities, lived next to rivers owing their livelihoods to the fertility of annually watered lands. (more…)

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