Greater awareness and careful usage are bringing down the numbers of pediatric CT scans and cutting radiation exposure. Parents should weigh the benefits and risks.
(September 2013) If your child had a CT scan last year—perhaps to assess damage from a hockey injury or rule out appendicitis—he or she added to a huge statistic: more than 4 million pediatric CT scans were performed in the U.S in 2012. (more…)
Scientists expect climate change and warmer oceans to push the fish that people rely on for food and income into new territory. Predictions of where and when species will relocate, however, are based on broad expectations about how animals will move and have often not played out in nature. New research based at Princeton University shows that the trick to more precise forecasts is to follow local temperature changes.
The researchers report in the journal Science the first evidence that sea creatures consistently keep pace with “climate velocity,” or the speed and direction in which changes such as ocean temperature move. They compiled 43 years of data related to the movement of 128 million animals from 360 species living around North America, including commercial staples such as lobster, shrimp and cod. They found that 70 percent of shifts in animals’ depth and 74 percent of changes in latitude correlated with regional-scale fluctuations in ocean temperature. (more…)
Team studies new methods to support hurricane evacuation decision-making
Hurricanes are dynamic. Wind speeds change as the storm progresses and rainfall varies widely, creating tremendous uncertainty as the natural elements interact with man and man-made infrastructure.
Roads may close, traffic patterns may change, leading to travel delays that could impact lives and exacerbate public safety.
And yet researchers, policy makers and government officials have long relied on a static model to map hurricanes and chart evacuation zones, particularly when it comes to timing and decision-making. (more…)
AUSTIN, Texas — A new reconstruction of climate in the South Pacific during the past 446 years shows rainfall varied much more dramatically before the start of the 20th century than after. The finding, based on an analysis of a cave formation called a stalagmite from the island nation of Vanuatu, could force climate modelers to adjust their models. The models are adjusted to match the current levels of climate variability that are smaller now than they were in the recent past for this region. (more…)
Die Schönheit des Kafa-Biosphärenreservats in Äthiopien in bewegten Bildern
Im Kafa-Biosphärenreservat, inmitten der immergrünen Bergnebelwälder, wächst und gedeiht der Wildkaffee. Die Ursprungsregion des Arabica-Kaffee beherbergt eine atemberaubende Tier- und Pflanzenwelt: Flusspferde, Baumfarne, Affen, Wildkaffee, exotische Vögel und Löwen. Genießen Sie fantastische Ausblicke über die Weiten der Berge und Wälder, faszinierende Kulturen und traditionelle Kaffeezeremonien. Kommen auch Sie nach Kafa und erleben diese einzigartige Gegend, fernab ausgetretener Touristenpfade. (more…)
Camouflaged creatures can perform remarkable disappearing acts but new research shows that predators can learn to read camouflage.
The study, which used human subjects as predators searching for hidden moths in computer games, found that the subjects could learn to find some types of camouflaged prey faster than others.
The research was carried out by the University of Exeter and the University of Cambridge and is published in the journal PLOS ONE. Moths with high contrast markings – that break up the shape of the body, like that of a zebra or giraffe – were best at evading predation at the start of the experiment. However humans learnt to find these prey types faster than moths with low contrast markings that match the background, like that of a stick insect or leaf bug. (more…)
Berkeley Lab Researchers at Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis Make Unique Semiconductor/Catalyst Construct
In the search for clean, green sustainable energy sources to meet human needs for generations to come, perhaps no technology matches the ultimate potential of artificial photosynthesis. Bionic leaves that could produce energy-dense fuels from nothing more than sunlight, water and atmosphere-warming carbon dioxide, with no byproducts other than oxygen, represent an ideal alternative to fossil fuels but also pose numerous scientific challenges. A major step toward meeting at least one of these challenges has been achieved by researchers with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)’s Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) working at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP).
“We’ve developed a method by which molecular hydrogen-producing catalysts can be interfaced with a semiconductor that absorbs visible light,” says Gary Moore, a chemist with Berkeley Lab’s Physical Biosciences Division and principal investigator for JCAP. “Our experimental results indicate that the catalyst and the light-absorber are interfaced structurally as well as functionally.” (more…)
WWF-Studie: 10-Punkte-Plan für klimafreundlichen Urlaub am Wattenmeer
Hamburg/Husum – Ein Urlaub an der Nordseeküste ist zwar weit klimafreundlicher als eine Flugreise in entfernte Weltregionen, dennoch ist die Klimabelastung noch viel zu hoch. Das geht aus einer heute vom WWF veröffentlichten Machbarkeitsstudie zu klimafreundlichem Tourismus in der Wattenmeer-Region hervor. Eine jährliche Belastung von 1,5 Mio. t CO2-Äquivalenten durch den in Deutschland, Dänemark und den Niederlanden stattfindenden Wattenmeer-Tourismus ermittelt die vom Kieler „Institut für Tourismus- und Bäderforschung in Nordeuropa“ durchgeführte Studie. Dies entspricht 148 kg CO2-Äquivalenten pro Urlaubsreise bzw. 15 kg CO2-Äquivalenten pro Person und Urlaubstag. Von „klimaneutral“ ist der Urlaub am Wattenmeer also noch weit entfernt. Für die Umweltschützer liegt die Lösung jedoch nicht im Verzicht auf den Nordseeurlaub: In einem 10-Punkte-Plan schlägt der WWF vor allem Umstellungen im Verkehrsbereich, energetische Gebäudesanierung, Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien, Transparenz beim CO2-Verbrauch der touristischen Angebote, eine bevorzugt regionale Verpflegung der Gäste, sowie eine bessere Kooperation der Akteure vor. (more…)
