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Bacteria Show Capacity for Rapid, Beneficial Mutations

By Guest PostNovember 20, 2016Sciencebacteria, bacterial genome, e coli, jeffrey barrick, ltee, molecular biosciences, mutations, olivier tenaillon, richard lenski

AUSTIN, Texas — Scientists studying how microbes evolve have long assumed that nearly all new genetic mutations get passed down at a predictable pace and usually without either helping or hurting the microbe in adapting to its environment. In a new study published in the journal Nature, an international team of researchers studying tens of thousands of generations of E. coli bacteria report that most new genetic mutations that were passed down were actually beneficial and occurred at much more variable rates than previously thought. The finding could have implications for treating bacterial infections. (more…)

Creating 3-D Hands to keep us safe and increase security

By Guest PostNovember 19, 2016Scienceanil jain, biometrics, creating 3d hands, nicholas paulter, spoof resistant, sunpreet arora

Creating a 3-D replica of someone’s hand complete with all five fingerprints and breaking into a secure vault sounds like a plot from a James Bond movie. But Michigan State University Distinguished Professor Anil Jain recently discovered this may not be as far-fetched as once thought and wants security companies and the public to be aware. (more…)

Gekrümmte Räume erforschen

By Guest PostNovember 19, 2016Sciencefreiburger mathematiker, geometry, gravitation, mannigfaltigkeit, projekt, robert bryant, sebastian goette, simons foundation, special holonomy

Der Freiburger Mathematiker Sebastian Goette hat eine Förderung der Simons Foundation eingeworben

Für seine Beteiligung am Projekt „Special Holonomy in Geometry, Analysis, and Physics” erhält der Freiburger Mathematiker Prof. Dr. Sebastian Goette insgesamt 650.000 US-Dollar für die kommenden vier Jahre. Geldgeber ist die Simons Foundation, eine Stiftung aus den USA, die mathematische und naturwissenschaftliche Grundlagenforschung fördert. Koordinator des Vorhabens ist der Mathematikprofessor Robert Bryant von der US-amerikanischen Duke University. Zudem sind Forscherinnen und Forscher der Stony Brook University und der University of California in den USA sowie des Imperial College London, des King’s College London, der University of Bath und der University of Oxford in England an der Kollaboration beteiligt.

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USGS Estimates 20 Billion Barrels of Oil in Texas’ Wolfcamp Shale Formation

By Guest PostNovember 17, 2016Sciencemidland basin, oil in texas, usgs, wolfberry, wolfcamp shale formation

This is the largest estimate of continuous oil that USGS has ever assessed in the United States.

The Wolfcamp shale in the Midland Basin portion of Texas’ Permian Basin province contains an estimated mean of 20 billion barrels of oil, 16 trillion cubic feet of associated natural gas, and 1.6 billion barrels of natural gas liquids, according to an assessment by the U.S. Geological Survey. This estimate is for continuous (unconventional) oil, and consists of undiscovered, technically recoverable resources. (more…)

Research resolves a debate over ‘killer electrons’ in space

By Guest PostNovember 13, 2016Scienceearth, killer electrons, magnetic field, navigation satellite, particle radiation, Space, space environment, van allen belts, yuri shprits

Findings by UCLA-led team hold promise for new ways to protect telecommunication and navigation satellites

New findings by a UCLA-led international team of researchers answer a fundamental question about our space environment and will help scientists develop methods to protect valuable telecommunication and navigation satellites. The research is published in the journal Nature Communications. (more…)

Maßgeschneiderte Bausteine des Lebens

By Guest PostNovember 11, 2016Sciencebausteine adenin, bausteine des lebens, krebsforschung, leticia gonzalez, thiocytosin molekuel, uv licht

Einbau neuer Atome in das Erbgut hilft in der Krebsforschung

Nukleobasen bilden die Grundbausteine des Erbguts. Wenn man deren Sauerstoffatome durch Schwefel ersetzt und anschließend mit UV-Licht bestrahlt, wirken diese Nukleobasen als Photochemotherapeutikum. Durch die Kombination von experimentellen und theoretischen Untersuchungen ist es den ChemikerInnen um Leticia González von der Universität Wien gelungen, den molekularen Prozess hinter diesem Vorgang zu verstehen. Die neu gewonnenen Erkenntnisse können dazu beitragen, neue, noch effizientere Arzneistoffe zu entwickeln. Die Studie erscheint in der aktuellen Ausgabe von “Nature Communications”.

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A better way to learn if alien planets have the right stuff

By Guest PostNovember 11, 2016Sciencealien planets, chemical composition, debra fischer, diamond planet, earth like, habitability, john michael brewer, solar system

A new method for analyzing the chemical composition of stars may help scientists winnow the search for Earth 2.0.

Yale University researchers Debra Fischer and John Michael Brewer, in a new study that will appear in the Astrophysical Journal, describe a computational modeling technique that gives a clearer sense of the chemistry of stars, revealing the conditions present when their planets formed. The system creates a new way to assess the habitability and biological evolution possibilities of planets outside our solar system. (more…)

Der Kobold im Vitamin B12

By Guest PostNovember 10, 2016Health, Sciencebernhard kraeutler, das corrin, der kobold, florian widner, kobaltatom, kobold vitamin, vitamin b12

Im Zentrum des Vitamins B12 sitzt ein Kobaltatom. Dieses konnten britische Biologen und österreichische Chemiker nun durch ein anderes Metallion ersetzen – mit einem weiteren spektakulären Ergebnis: Das verwendete Rhodium passte besser in die B12-Struktur als das für die biologische Funktion des Vitamins essentielle Kobalt. (more…)

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