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Fastest Wind From Stellar Mass Black Hole Discovered

By Guest PostFebruary 25, 2012Scienceashley king, astronomer, binary system, black hole, chandra, chandra spectrum, chandra xray observatory, cosmic equivalent, earth, gas, hurricane, igr j17091, igr j17091 3624, iron molecules, jon miller, light years, magnetic fields, material flow, milky way galaxy, molecule, NASA, orbiting telescope, spectrum, speed of light, stars collapse, stellar mass black hole, super wind, supermassive black holes, university of michigan, wind, xrays

ANN ARBOR, Mich.— The fastest wind ever discovered blowing off a disk around a stellar-mass black hole has been observed by a team of astronomers that includes a University of Michigan doctoral student.

Using NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory, an orbiting telescope, they clocked the record-breaking super wind at about 20 million mph, or about 3 percent of the speed of light. This is nearly 10 times faster than astronomers had previously observed from a stellar-mass black hole. (more…)

Planck All-Sky Images Show Cold Gas and Strange Haze

By Guest PostFebruary 14, 2012Sciencebig bang, carbon monoxide, clouds of hydrogen, cold clouds, cold gas, cosmic microwave background, dark matter, dark matter particles, davide pietrobon, electrons, european space agency, form of light energy, galactic haze, galactic winds, Galaxy, greg dobler, haze, images, jan tauber, krzysztof m gorski, magnetic fields, microwave emissions, milky way galaxy, NASA, planck, planck data, poland, relic radiation, santa barbara, star formation, supernovae, the whole sky, universe, university of california, warsaw university observatory, wavelengths, wmap

New images from the Planck mission show previously undiscovered islands of star formation and a mysterious haze of microwave emissions in our Milky Way galaxy. The views give scientists new treasures to mine and take them closer to understanding the secrets of our galaxy.

Planck is a European Space Agency mission with significant NASA participation. (more…)

Yale Engineers Making Solar Power More Efficient

By Guest PostDecember 14, 2011Environment, Scienceandre d taylor, applied physicists, arrays, chinedum o osuji, clean energy technology, electricity, energy, engineers, flow of electrons, fraction of light, hybrid organic inorganic pv devices, lisa d pfefferle, magnetic fields, photovoltaic systems, photovoltaics, polymer coated nanowires, pv, pv systems, sohrab ismail beigi, solar cell, solar power technology, yale university

Innovations by a team of Yale University researchers could lead to improvements in basic solar power technology that result in lower-cost, higher-efficiency photovoltaic systems.

Photovoltaics (PV) directly convert sunlight into electricity. PV systems can be arrayed on rooftops to generate electricity for entire buildings, among other uses. Less expensive, more efficient systems could encourage broader use of this clean energy technology. (more…)

Exeter Physicist Advances Early Universe Theory

By Guest PostSeptember 25, 2011Scienceearly universe theory, extrasolar planets, intergalactic media, magnetic fields, star formation

Research by a University of Exeter astrophysicist has helped to explain how the first stars and galaxies formed

Research led by Professor Gilles Chabrier of the University of Exeter suggests that large magnetic fields were generated shortly after the Big Bang and played a key role in the formation of the first stars and galaxies

The international team of researchers, headed by Professor Chabrier and Dr Christoph Federrath of the Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon (France), used three-dimensional computer simulations to make their discovery. Their simulations show that even under extreme physical conditions, magnetic fields are efficiently amplified by turbulent flows. The findings are now published in the journal Physical Review Letters. (more…)

Look Ma, No Hands: Yale Engineers Invent a Magnetic Fluid Pump with No Moving Parts

By Guest PostSeptember 18, 2011Scienceadvertising industry, ferrofluids, ferrohydrodynamic pumping mechanism, hollywood, hur koser, leidong mao, liquid, liquid fuels, magical materials, magnetic, magnetic fields, magnetic nanoparticles, markus zahn, microfluidic devices, nasa scientists, national science foundation, non mechanical, outer space, shihab elborai, xiaowei he

Used in Hollywood and the advertising industry to create exotic special effects, ferrofluids are seemingly magical materials that are both liquid and magnetic at once. In a study published today in Physical Review B, Yale electrical engineering professor Hur Koser and colleagues from the University of Georgia and Massachusetts Institute of Technology demonstrate for the first time an approach that allows ferrofluids to be pumped by magnetic fields alone. The invention could lead to new applications for this mysterious material.

Developed in the 1960s by NASA scientists seeking a non-mechanical method for moving liquid fuels in outer space, ferrofluids are made up of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in liquids such as oil, water, or alcohol. Though numerous industrial, commercial, and biomedical applications for ferrofluids have since been created, the original goal-to pump liquids with no machinery-remained elusive, until now. (more…)

Quantum Quirk: JILA Scientists Pack Atoms Together to Prevent Collisions in Atomic Clock

By Guest PostFebruary 7, 20111 commentScienceana maria rey, atom cloud, atomic clock, collisions between atoms, energy, energy levels, fermions, jila scientists, jun ye, laser beams, light waves, magnetic fields, microkelvin, neutral atoms, nist, optical tubes, paradox, particles, precision and accuracy, quantum world, strontium atoms, vertical lattice

In a paradox typical of the quantum world, JILA scientists have eliminated collisions between atoms in an atomic clock by packing the atoms closer together. The surprising discovery, described in the Feb. 3 issue of Science Express, can boost the performance of experimental atomic clocks made of thousands or tens of thousands of neutral atoms trapped by intersecting laser beams

JILA is jointly operated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Colorado Boulder. (more…)

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