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Berkeley Lab Study Assesses Residential Cooking Exhaust Hoods’ Ability to Vent Pollutants

By Guest PostJune 4, 2012Environmentair pollutants, airflow, berkeley lab, brett singer, capturing pollutants, carbon monoxide, cook stoves, cooking exhaust hoods, energy star, fine particulates, formaldehyde, gas burners, home ventilating institute, nitrogen oxides, pollutant capture efficiency, pollutants, soot, sound level, vent pollutants, woody delp

Cooking exhaust hoods designed for home kitchens vary widely in their ability to capture and vent away the air pollutants generated by the gas burners on cook stoves, according to a study by two Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) scientists. Of seven representative devices they tested, the capture efficiency varied from less than 15 percent to more than 98 percent.

The study, by Woody Delp and Brett Singer of Berkeley Lab’s Environmental Energy Technologies Division, measured their pollutant capture efficiency, sound level generated by their fans, and airflow. Cooking exhaust hoods vent such pollutants as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde, and fine particulates such as soot generated during cooking. (more…)

Study Finds Surprising Arctic Methane Emission Source

By Guest PostApril 22, 2012Environmentarctic methane, arctic ocean, arctic region, Arctic sea ice, arctic tundra soil, beaufort seas, carbon monoxide, chukchi, climate, concentration, earth system, eric kort, geologic reservoir, global warming, greenhouse gas, harvard university, hippo, jet propulsion laboratory, marine sediment, methane, NASA, ozone, reservoir, water vapor

The fragile and rapidly changing Arctic region is home to large reservoirs of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. As Earth’s climate warms, the methane, frozen in reservoirs stored in Arctic tundra soils or marine sediments, is vulnerable to being released into the atmosphere, where it can add to global warming. Now a multi-institutional study by Eric Kort of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., has uncovered a surprising and potentially important new source of Arctic methane: the ocean itself. (more…)

Touch of Gold Improves Nanoparticle Fuel-Cell Reactions

By Guest PostMarch 13, 2012Scienceadvanced electron microscopy, brown university, carbon monoxide, catalyst, co, crystal structure, crystallization, feptau, formic acid, fuel cell reaction, gold, gold atom, helmets, huiyuan zhu, japanese firefighters, mass activity, metallic nanoparticle, nanoparticle catalyst, np, organic material, oxidation, palladium, sen zhang, shaojun guo, shouheng sun, tetragonal, trimetallic nanoparticle

Chemists at Brown University have created a triple-headed metallic nanoparticle that reportedly performs better and lasts longer than any other nanoparticle catalyst studied in fuel-cell reactions. The key is the addition of gold: It yields a more uniform crystal structure while removing carbon monoxide from the reaction. Results published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — Advances in fuel-cell technology have been stymied by the inadequacy of metals studied as catalysts. The drawback to platinum, other than cost, is that it absorbs carbon monoxide in reactions involving fuel cells powered by organic materials like formic acid. A more recently tested metal, palladium, breaks down over time. (more…)

Planck All-Sky Images Show Cold Gas and Strange Haze

By Guest PostFebruary 14, 2012Sciencebig bang, carbon monoxide, clouds of hydrogen, cold clouds, cold gas, cosmic microwave background, dark matter, dark matter particles, davide pietrobon, electrons, european space agency, form of light energy, galactic haze, galactic winds, Galaxy, greg dobler, haze, images, jan tauber, krzysztof m gorski, magnetic fields, microwave emissions, milky way galaxy, NASA, planck, planck data, poland, relic radiation, santa barbara, star formation, supernovae, the whole sky, universe, university of california, warsaw university observatory, wavelengths, wmap

New images from the Planck mission show previously undiscovered islands of star formation and a mysterious haze of microwave emissions in our Milky Way galaxy. The views give scientists new treasures to mine and take them closer to understanding the secrets of our galaxy.

Planck is a European Space Agency mission with significant NASA participation. (more…)

Gaseous Ring Around Young Star Raises Questions

By Guest PostJanuary 21, 2012Scienceastronomers, carbon monoxide, centaurus, charles cowley, co ring, diversity, european southern observatory, gas, Germany, light years, magnetic fields, magnetic herbig ae, moon, mysterious ring, nicole casal moore, planet forming disk, planetary rings, planetary systems, saturn, shepherding planets, solar system, southern constellation, star hd 101412, swetlana hubrig, v1052 cen, very large telescope, young star

ANN ARBOR, Mich.— Astronomers have detected a mysterious ring of carbon monoxide gas around the young star V1052 Cen, which is about 700 light years away in the southern constellation Centaurus.

The ring is part of the star’s planet-forming disk, and it’s as far from V1052 Cen as Earth is from the sun. Discovered with the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope, its edges are uniquely crisp. (more…)

Resolved to Quit Smoking? Brain Scans Predict Likely Success

By Guest PostJanuary 31, 2011Health, Sciencebrain activity, brain scans, carbon monoxide, cigarette, co, danielle whalen, elliot berkman, emily falk, fmri, functional magnetic resonance imaging, heavy smokers, matthew lieberman, medial prefrontal cortex, neural reactions, particular brain region, predict, predict behavior change, quit smoking, resolution, smokers, television ads

ANN ARBOR, Mich.— Brain scans showing neural reactions to pro-health messages can predict if you’ll keep that resolution to quit smoking more accurately than you yourself can. That’s according to a new study forthcoming in Health Psychology, a peer-reviewed journal.

“We targeted smokers who were already taking action to quit,” said Emily Falk, the lead author of the study and director of the Communication Neuroscience Laboratory at the U-M Institute for Social Research and Department of Communication Studies. “And we found that neural activity can predict behavior change, above and beyond people’s own assessment of how likely they are to succeed. (more…)

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