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MU Research Sheds Light on Nerve Regeneration Following Spinal Cord Injury

COLUMBIA, Mo. – Fish, unlike humans, can regenerate nerve connections and recover normal mobility following an injury to their spinal cord. Now, University of Missouri researchers have discovered how the sea lamprey, an eel-like fish, regrows the neurons that comprise the long nerve “highways” that link the brain to the spinal cord. Findings may guide future efforts to promote recovery in humans who have suffered spinal cord injuries.

“There is a lot of attention to why, following a spinal cord injury, neurons regenerate in lower vertebrates, such as the sea lamprey, and why they don’t in higher vertebrates, such as humans,” said Andrew McClellan, professor of biological sciences in the College of Arts and Science and director of the UM Spinal Cord Injury Research Program (SCIRP). (more…)

No peak in sight for evolving bacteria

Science

There’s no peak in sight – fitness peak, that is – for the bacteria in Richard Lenski’s Michigan State University lab.

Lenski, MSU Hannah Distinguished Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, has been running his evolutionary bacteria experiment for 25 years, generating more than 58,000 generations. In a paper published in the current issue of Science, Michael Wiser, lead author and MSU zoology graduate student in Lenski’s lab, compares it to hiking. (more…)

Moorschutz bedeutet Arten- und Klimaschutz

Nature

Warum wir Moore weltweit erhalten müssen

Moore bieten einer einzigartigen Tier- und Pflanzenwelt ein Zuhause. Zahlreiche Tierarten sind an die speziellen Bedingungen von Mooren angepasst: Dazu zählen in Europa zum Beispiel der Kranich, der Seggenrohrsänger und die Bekassine – der Vogel des Jahres 2013. Moore gehören außerdem zu den wichtigsten Kohlenstoffspeichern der Welt. Obwohl sie nur drei Prozent der Landfläche bedecken, enthalten Moore 30 Prozent des gesamten terrestrischen Kohlenstoffs, weit mehr als zum Beispiel Wälder. Doch Jahr für Jahr werden weltweit riesige Moore trockengelegt, um die Flächen für Land- und Forstwirtschaft zu nutzen oder den Torf als Rohstoff zu nutzen – beispielsweise für Blumenerde, die auch in deutschen Baumärkten und Gartencentern landet. (more…)

SOI Collaborating With WHOI On Construction of World’s Most Advanced Deep-diving Robotic Vehicle

Environment, Science

Schmidt Ocean Institute (SOI) has begun working with the Deep Submergence Laboratory at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) to design and build the world’s most advanced robotic undersea research vehicle for use on SOI’s ship Falkor. The new vehicle will be capable of operating in the deepest known trenches on the planet, including the nearly 11,000-meter-deep Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. The design will capitalize on lessons learned from past WHOI vehicle designs, as well as advanced technologies developed for DEEPSEA CHALLENGER, the submersible and science platform that explorer and director James Cameron piloted to Challenger Deep in 2012 and donated to WHOI in 2013.

On Sunday, December 8th, Victor Zykov, SOI’s director of research, will publicly discuss the project for the first time at a University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System’s (UNOLS) Deep Submergence Science Committee meeting in San Francisco. (more…)

Staphylococcus aureus bacteria turns immune system against itself

Health

Around 20 percent of all humans are persistently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, a leading cause of skin infections and one of the major sources of hospital-acquired infections, including the antibiotic-resistant strain MRSA.

University of Chicago scientists have recently discovered one of the keys to the immense success of S. aureus—the ability to hijack a primary human immune defense mechanism and use it to destroy white blood cells. The study was published Nov. 15 in Science. (more…)

NASA iPad App Shows Earth Changing Before Your Eyes

Science

Human activities, a changing climate and natural disasters are rapidly altering the face of our planet. Now, with NASA’s Images of Change iPad application, users can get an interactive before-and-after view of these changes.

The app presents pairs or sets of images of places around the world that have changed dramatically. Some of these locations have suffered a disaster, such as a fire or tsunami, or illustrate the effects of human activities, such as dam building or urban growth. Others document impacts of climate change such as persistent drought and rapidly receding glaciers. (more…)

Imperiled Mussels May be Further Harmed by Climate Change

Environment, Nature

Rising water temperatures as a result of climate change may harm already endangered or threatened native freshwater mussels in North America, according to a new U.S. Geological Survey report.

During laboratory tests, USGS scientists and partners found that the heart and growth rates of some species of young freshwater mussels declined as a result of elevated water temperatures, and many died. Freshwater mussels have been compared to the “canary in the coal mine” in that they are indicators of good water and sediment quality in U.S. rivers. They are also important in the aquatic food web, filter large amounts of water and suspended particles, and serve as food for other organisms. The study is published in the December issue of the journal Freshwater Science. (more…)

Anhörung des «Guardian»-Chefredaktors

Media, Politics

«Guardian»-Chefredaktor Alan Rusbridger wurde gestern vom britischen Unterhaus zur Publikation von Snowdens Dokumenten befragt. (more…)